1 school of paramedicine, golestan university of medical sciences 50 The Effect of Interferon Beta in HLA-G Expression on Monocyte in Diabetes Type1 Abedian S b Mirabi A.M Parsaee MR b Immunologist, Assistant Professor 1 10 2008 2 2 0 0 27 08 2011 12 01 2014 Abstract Background and objectives: Dendritic Cells are the most important of antigen presenting cells with an effective role in immune tolerance. This study, aims to clarify the role of IFN- β in induction on dendritic cells derived by monocyte in diabetes type1 to evaluate the T cells response to beta cell specific antigenic molecule. Material and Methods: In this research, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated by phiCole and then dendritic cells generated from blood monocytes ,in Seven days, by adding granulocyte-monocyte colony stimulating factor and interleukin-4 with or without IFN-beta. MRNA was extracted by dendritic cells and cDNA was produced by reverse transcriptase enzyme. Then, Specific polymerase chain reaction for HLA-G was performed. In addition, Tcell proliferation with a mixed Leukocytic reaction evaluated between dendritic cell and T by means of MTT. Results: based on the results, IFN-β induces HLA-G molecule on dendritic cells. In addition, T cell proliferation responses in mixed leukocyte culture show significance difference between Case and control p<0.05. T cell proliferation was inhibited in their co-culture system affected by IFN-β Conclusion: In this study, we show that dendritic cells-treated IFN-β with expression of HLA-G molecule inhibited T cell proliferation and so, our results suggest that some of the IFN- β regulatory effects with expression of HLA-G can probably prevent from beta cell destruction. Key words: dendritic cells, Interferon Beta, Human Leukocytic Antigen-G.
49 Evaluation of the Interference of the Microwave Radiation Emitted from GSM Mobile Phones on the Performance of Cell Counters Bahaedini N e Atefi M Mortazavi MJ e Radiology Department, Paramedical Sciences 1 10 2008 2 2 0 0 27 08 2011 12 01 2014 Abstract Background and Objectives: Incidents related to electromagnetic interference with medical devices have been reported over the past decades. It has also been indicated that the microwave radiation emitted from mobile phones interferes with the operation of medical devices therefore, this study aimed at testing the interference by GSM mobile phones with cell counters. Material and Methods: We did this experimental Study on thirty-two heparinized blood samples of 32 healthy individuals Selected randomly. The Cell Counting was Carried out in the presence of Electro magnetic field produced by three Cell phones with different levels of SAR (Low, intermediate and High) and without being in electromagnetic field. Statistical tests were used to analyze the data (p<0.05). Results: Microwave radiation emitted from cell phones, regardless of their SAR, interferes with the proper operation of cell Counter. This interference leads to false Counting. Conclusion: As mobile phones emit microwave radiation in an isotropic manner, keeping mobile phones at a safe distance, 15cm, from medical equipments will be necessary. These observations confirm the need for some restrictions of mobile phone use in hospitals and medical laboratories. Key words: Interference, Cell Counters, Mobile Phone, Microwave Radiation 48 The Changes of Erythrocyte Indices in Pesticide Factory Workers Joshaghani HR h Kalavi KH Namjoo N h (PhD) 1 10 2008 2 2 0 0 27 08 2011 12 01 2014 Abstract Background and Objectives: Erythrocyte indices are helpful for monitoring the erythrocyte synthesis and liver condition. The pesticide factories’ staff are being exposed to poisoning. This article aims to evaluate the effect of pesticides on blood indices of subjects which are exposed to organophosphate toxins. Material and Methods: This cohort study was conducted on the 63 employees of a pesticide factory In Gorgan.Iran (2005). We performed a two-step Sampling, The beginning of working season and three months later. Then, data analysis was carried out (p<0.05). Results: The difference between the mean of MCV in phase one (82.8 ± 7.1 fl) and phase two (80.3 ± 6.7) is Significant (p<0.001). The increase of Erythrocyte, hemoglobin, HCT, and MCHC in the second phase was statistically meaningful. There is not any significant relation between the work place, Record of Services and red blood cell indices. Conclusion: In regard to the changes in hematologic indices in a threemonth period, it seems logical to set up a program to have a routine check on the hematologic indices in people engaging in such occupations Key words: Pesticide, organophosphate toxins, hematologic indices, MCV, hemoglobin, hematocrit. 47 Serum Thyroid Hormone level in women with Nausea and Vomiting in Early Pregnancy Mansourian AR k Shahmohammdi f Mansourian HR k Associate Professor , Biochemistry and 1 10 2008 2 2 0 0 27 08 2011 12 01 2014 Abstract Background and Objectives: The hyperthyroidism, caused in Pregnancy, may Leads to nausea and vomiting. The aim of this study was to establish the relationship between the serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroxin. (T4), which reflect thyroid function assessment, with nausea and vomiting, among pregnant women in early pregnancy. Material and Methods: the Subjects of this Case- Control Study were the pregnant women referred to routine laboratory investigations. We Compared 60 pregnant women without nausea and Vomiting with 60 pregnant women with nausea and vomiting in Gorgan, Iran. Results: The results Show that there is an increased level of T4 among 34 subjects (56.6 %) with nausea and vomiting compared to 20 Subjects (33.3 %) of women without nausea and vomiting. The mean of T4 in Case and Control group is 11:30±2.8 and 10.26±2.4hg/dl. This difference is Statistically Significant. (p<0.05). TSH level is nearly the same in both groups. Conclusion: These data suggest that there is a role for elevated T4 in nausea and vomiting among pregnant women, in early pregnancy. Key words: Pregnant women, nausea and vomiting, thyroid stimulating hormone, thyroxin. 46 The Study of antibiotic resistance of microorganisms isolated in Yahya nejad Hospital, Babol (North of Iran), 1385 Sedighian F n Sanee A Alaouddoulee H Arshi M Rekabpoor KH n Laboratory Sciences’s 1 10 2008 2 2 0 0 27 08 2011 12 01 2014 Abstract Background and objectives: Resistance to antimicrobial agent is a world-wide problem and the existed reports are not the same. Aware of antibiotic resistant pattern of microorganisms in each hospital is important for controlling the nosocomial infections. This study was designed to determine the resistant pattern of microorganisms isolated in Yahya nejad hospital, Babol, north of Iran. Material and Methods: In this descriptive study, organisms were isolated during 2006 from urine, blood, endotracheal tube, abscess, fluids (ascites, pleura, and synovia), wound, discharges and bonemarrow of both outpatients and inpatients in our hospital were studied. Their antibiotics resistances were evaluated by Kirby Bauer method. Results: of 3114 culture specimens of admitted patients (female 1732, male 1382), 325 (10.4%) microorganisms were isolated. They were isolated from urine 162(49.8%), blood 115(35.4%), abscess 11(3.4%), wound, 10(3.1%) and discharge10 (3.1%). The most common microorganisms were Escherichia coli 107(33%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis 69(21.3%). Maximum resistance of E.coli is related to tetracycline (83.9%) and ampicillin (75%) and maximum resistance of S.epidermidis to oxacillin (89.2%) and penicillin (82.1%). Conclusion: With regard to high antibiotic resistance (>70%) in this study, it seems that the early beginning and inappropriate dosage of antimicrobial agents may be associated with developing antibiotic resistance. Hence, it is highly recommended to prohibit the unnecessary prescription of antibiotics Key words: Antibiotic resistance, microorganisms, Blood culture, E.coli 45 Prevalence of Campylobacter jejuni in Diarrhea samples in Gorgan ,East north of Iran Ziaei N Amir Mozafari N Kouhsari H Moradi A Tabarai A Dadgar T Livani S Arab Ahmadi M Ms in Microbiology,Lahijan Azad Associate professor in Molecular Biology, 1 10 2008 2 2 0 0 27 08 2011 12 01 2014 Abstract Background and Objectives: Diarrhea is one of the most common diseases in the world. Campylobacter jejuni is one of the prevalent agents of bacterial diarrhea in most of developing countries. It is usually ignored in routine laboratory test in our country, because it has a difficult investigation method. This article aims to determine the prevalence of Campylobacter jejuni, in diarrhea samples in Gorgan City (East north of Iran) by PCR Method. Material and Methods: This descriptive study was performed on 455 diarrheal samples during one year (2005-06).255 out of them were cultured on Preston media (Himedia co.) on 42°c. DNA Extracted by phenol cholorophorm method was directly carried out on stool samples.16srDNA hipo and asp primers for detection of Campylobacter genus, C.jejuni and C.coli species were used, respectively. In addition, universal primer of 16srDNA was used for control of PCR method. Results: no sample was positive for Campylobacter in culture .only three samples were positive for Campylobacter genus and C.jejuni specific primer but none of them were positive for C.coli .99 samples were positive by universal primer of 16srDNA . Conclusion: The results indicate that C.jejuni isn't a prevalent agent in diarrhea in our region. Key words: Campylobacter jejuni -Gorgan- Diarrhea 41 The Level of Serum immunoglobulins in Children suffering from Sinusitis Noorbakhsh, S Farhadi M Tabatabaei A Ghafari M Associate Professor, Iran University of 1 10 2008 2 2 0 0 16 08 2011 12 01 2014 Abstract Background and objectives: Paranasal sinuses are the common place for infection in children and adults. Early and effective antibiotic treatment is necessary to reduce the infection period and mucosal injuries, and to prevent from the Involvements of orbit or CNS. This article aims to clarify the Serum immunoglobulins accompanying by Sinusitis in Children. Material and Methods: the Subjects of this Cross-Sectional study were 400 patients with paranasal sinusitis confirmed by imaging techniques. The study was conducted in infectious and ENT Clinics of Rasoul Akram hospital in 2003-2004. We measured the Levels of serum immoglobulins including IgG, IgM, IgA and IgE by standard radio-immunodiffusion test, and Compared with normal range of each age group. The data was analyzed by SPSS software (11.5) Results: The Subjects aged 4.42±2.62 are both male (70.7%) and female (29.3%). Maxilla is the most Common Sinus involved. Thirty-eight of them (95%) have increased IgG Level. Forty-four percent of children suffered from rhinosinusitis have been diagnosed with Immune-humoral disorders: the increase of IgE (N=9), Lack of IgA (N=3), decrease of Isolated IgG (N=2), decrease of both IgG and IgA (N=1) and Hyper IgM syndrome (N=3). There is Significant Correlation between different Immunoglobulins and duration of Sinusitis (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study show that an increase of IgE is one of the most Common disorders in children suffering from Sinusitis and the incidence of immunity disorders is higher than the expected rate. Thus, we recommend the Immunologic assessment for Children Contracting with Sinusitis, esp. for protracted one. Key words: Rhinosinusitis, Hypogamma Globulinemia, Resistant Rhinosinusitis, Serum Immunoglobulins 40 The Effect of Air Ionization on Microbial Content of the Air Javadi AA Mousavi A Mohseni M Mobasheri Zadeh S Assistant Professor of Infectious Disease, 1 10 2008 2 2 0 0 16 08 2011 12 01 2014 Abstract Background and objectives: Air ionization (AI) may reduce the microbial content of the air 'and has bactericidal effects on some bacterial Strains, which is controversial. We conducted this study to evaluate the efficacy of Air ionizer in reducing the microbial content of air. Material and Methods: This experimental Study was carried out in Sadi Hospital of Isfahan. Two air ionizer were placed in two boxes. and the third box (Control) was empty. At the beginning of experiment and every 30 minutes up to three hours, we did air sampling in all groups. After taking the samples of every box, we incubated the samples and then performed colony counts and bacteriologic studies. Results: In all thirty-minute intervals, Colony Counts in all groups were lower than control group (P<0.05). 'Coagulase negative staphylococcus (CNS) was the most common bacteria isolated followed by Bacillus spp, Acinetobacter and Escherichia Coli, in control group, no colonization of Acinetobacter and E.coli is found in Air ionizer groups. Conclusion:Our findings qualitatively indicate that air ionization can reduce the microbial content of the air. Regarding the type of microbial air pollution and the amount of air cleaning needed, this method can be used solely or in combination with other air cleaning methods. Key words: air ionization, air cleaning air bacteria. 39 The Comparison of Direct Microscopic Examination and Culture Results in Diagnosis of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Tohidi F Qorbani M Instructor of Parasitology, Golestan 1 10 2008 2 2 0 0 16 08 2011 12 01 2014 Abstract Background and Objectives: one of the endemic foci for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Iran is Mashhad in which limited outbreak have recently been reported. The commonly used method for diagnosis is the clinical features confirmed by direct microspic examination and culture or biopsy. We compared these two tests to determine the level of their sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value. Material and Methods: we performed this comparative-analytic study on 73 patients suspected of having ulcers Leishmaniasis in Mashhad, Iran. Giemsa was staining the smears and the samples cultivated on Di-phasic N.N.N. culture media . Analysis was performed by SPSS version 11.5 and Chi square test. A P- value less than 0.05 were considered as a significant. Results: In 43 cases (58.9%), both the smear and culture are Positive. In 13 cases (17.8%), the smear is negative but the culture Positive. In 17 cases (23.2%), both smear and culture are negative. The two methods are positively correlated (82%). Sensitivity, Specifity, Positive predictive Value and negative predictive value are 76.7%, 100%, 100% and 56.7%., respectively. Conclusion: when the smear is positive, there is no need for culture. However, the opposite is not true. Key words: Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, Laboratory Diagnostic, Direct Microspic Examination, Culture. 38 Rapid detection of the most important pathogenic microorganisms in water and Food by (Chromogenic media) Tavakoli HR Manafi M Bayat M Mehrabi Tavana A 1 10 2008 2 2 0 0 16 08 2011 12 01 2014 Abstract Background and Objectives: Chromogenic media are the newest methods applied for rapid detection of pathogenic microorganisms in drinking water and food from 1998-2008. These Specific media contained the compounds acting as a substrate for microbial enzymes and, according to the type of enzyme, produce specific color. The aim of this study was to introduce the chromogenic media as a powerful tool in rapid detection of pathogenic agents in drinking water and food. Material and Methods: In this review article, the published papers about the use of chromogenic media in rapid detection of water and food-born pathogens were investigated. Results: The studies conducted in different countries show that the chromogenic media are very sensitive, specific and with high performance therefore, we can use it to detect the most important pathogenic microorganisms (such as Salmonella spp, E.coli, S.aureus, L.monocytogenes, and Candida spp.) in water and food samples. Conclusion: Because chromogenic media, in comparison with the other rapid detection methods such as PCR and ELISA, are very sensitive and cheaper, it can be applied as an alternative method. Key words: Chromogenic media, Rapid detection, water and food, Microorganism