@article{ author = {}, title = {}, abstract ={}, Keywords = {}, volume = {1}, Number = {1}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {school of paramedicine, golestan university of medical sciences}, url = {http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/article-1-249-en.html}, eprint = {}, journal = {Medical Laboratory Journal}, issn = {}, eissn = {2538-4449}, year = {2007} } @article{ author = {MohammadianYajloo,, M and SahebgadamLotfi, A and NasroallahzadehSabet, M and Zhalehjoo, N and Amirian, M and Biglarzadeh, M}, title = {Serum Alpha-1-antitrypsin Evaluation by Three Electrophoretic, Enzymatic and Immunodiffussion Methods}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Objective: Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) is the major component of the human plasma alpha-1 globulin proteins and acts as a major inhibitor of proteolytic enzymes, particularly elastase. AAT deficiency is accompanied by lung, liver and other disorders, therefore, AAT is clinically important and its precise evaluation is diagnostically critical. In present study serum AAT was evaluated by three Cellulose Acetate Electrophoresis (CAE), Trypsin Inhibitory Capacity (TIC) and Single Radial Immunodiffusion (SRID) methods and results wene compared. Materials and methods: AAT evaluation was carried out, by CAE, SRID and TIC Methods, on 318 normal sera obtained from volunteer students of Tehran Universities. Results:The results indicated: 34, 84 and 112 samples by TIC, SRID and CAE methods (with reference ranges of 2.1-3.5 mol/min/ml, 126- 226 mg/dl and 2-4.5% respectively) were abnormal 201samples by CAE and TIC were normal and 29 abnomal, 83 sera were normal by TIC and abnormal by CAE five of them were abnormal by TIC and normal by CAE 227 of the samples were normal and 29 abnormal(TIC and SRID) 57 were normal by TIC and abnormal by SRID and seven samples were abnormal by TIC and normal by SRID. Conclusion: Although CAE and alpha-1 globulin band determination are routine in clinical laboratory, they are not reliable in evaluating AAT. SRID sensitivity is more Than CAE and less Than TIC therefore, TIC is recommended as a precise and reliable method for serum AAT evaluation. Key Words: Alpha-1-antitrypsin, Cellulose Acetate Electrophoresis, Single Radial Immunodiffusion, Trypsin Inhibitory Capacity}, Keywords = {Key Words: Alpha-1-antitrypsin, Cellulose Acetate Electrophoresis,Single Radial Immunodiffusion, Trypsin Inhibitory Capacity}, volume = {1}, Number = {1}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {school of paramedicine, golestan university of medical sciences}, url = {http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/article-1-83-en.html}, eprint = {http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/article-1-83-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Laboratory Journal}, issn = {}, eissn = {2538-4449}, year = {2007} } @article{ author = {Marjani, A and Mansoorian, A.R. and Joshaghani, H. R. and Heydari, K and Sarikhani,, A}, title = {The Alterations of Plasma Iipid Peroxidation and erythrocyte Superoxide Dismutase and Glutathione Peroxidase Enzyme Activities During Storage of Blood}, abstract ={Abstract Background and objective: Exposure of red blood cells to oxygen radicals can induce Lipid proxidation, hemoglobin damage and hemolysis of erythrocyte .The present study was designed to determine the alteration of plasma lipid peroxidation and erythrocyte Superoxide Dismutase and Glutathione Peroxidase enzyme activities in stored blood and to find out the quantitative alterations and the useful length of stored blood. Materials and Methods: First, the whole blood form 10 donors was taken. Then Red Blood Cells(RBC) were counted, the levels of Potassium(P) and lactate dehydrogenate activity(LDH) were measured to determine the amount of hemolysis, the plasma levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), erythrocyte Superoxide Dismutase(SOD) and Glutathione Peroxidase(GPx) were studied for determination of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities at the days of 0,1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27,29,31,33 and 35 of the storage. Results: upon storage time, the plasma levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and Potassium and lactate dehydrogenate activity increased (P< 0.05) whereas erythrocyte Superoxide Dismutase and Glutathione Peroxidase enzyme activities and Red Blood Cells decreased (P< 0.05). The alterations of MDA, SOD, GPx, P, LDH and RBC in the measurement days were as follows: MDA, P and LDH significantly increased at the day of 9, 5 and 5 whereas SOD, GPx and RBC decreased at the day of 11, 7 and 29 respectively. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the increased level of MDA and decreased SOD and GPx in stored blood can cause the beginning of hemolysis of erythrocyte therefore, it is necessary to control these factors before storing the donated blood. Keywords: lipid peroxidation, Superoxide Dismutase, Glutathione Peroxidase}, Keywords = {Keywords: lipid peroxidation, Superoxide Dismutase, Glutathione Peroxidase}, volume = {1}, Number = {1}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {school of paramedicine, golestan university of medical sciences}, url = {http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/article-1-82-en.html}, eprint = {http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/article-1-82-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Laboratory Journal}, issn = {}, eissn = {2538-4449}, year = {2007} } @article{ author = {Alavi, A and Moradi, Sh and Mirkheshti, N and Ghadiri, A and Hadizadeh, F}, title = {The Comparison of Acetic Acid and Strontium Chloride Procedures for Extraction of Hemin}, abstract ={Abstract Background and objectives: Hemin is a porphyrin compound derived from hemoglobin, the precursor of other porphyrin hemoglobin derivatives and the raw material of Hematin. Since hemin is widely used in medicine, we decided primarily to synthesize this substance in Laboratory and to determine the best way of hemin extraction from untransfused and expired blood units. Materials and Methods: In the first method, Glacial acetic acid and sodium chloride were added to citrated blood and hemin crystals were extracted by means of cooling. Finally, the obtained product, by visible spectrophotometer and Infrared Spectrophotometer, was compared to standard samples. Fur thermore, citrated blood, citrated blood hemolysed by distilled water and citrated blood washed by normal saline were used comparatively as a raw material to produce Hemin. The second method was performed by adding Strontium, acetic acid and acetone to blood samples and then after precipitating Hemin crystals they were washed and dried with acetone. Results: The presence of functional groups in Hemin samples, analyzed by infrared Spectrophotometer, indicates the production of this compound. The results of visible Spectrophotometer in comparison with control samples and the results of samples weighting demonstrates high efficiency of extraction stages and the purity of obtained compound. Conclusion: The use of intact citrated blood produces more Hemin than the other kind of Citrated blood samples. Moreover, acetic acid with citrated blood, without any processing on blood, is the best way for Hemin production. Key words: strontium, Hemin, Blood, acetic acid, extraction}, Keywords = {Key words: strontium, Hemin, Blood, acetic acid, extraction}, volume = {1}, Number = {1}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {school of paramedicine, golestan university of medical sciences}, url = {http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/article-1-81-en.html}, eprint = {http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/article-1-81-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Laboratory Journal}, issn = {}, eissn = {2538-4449}, year = {2007} } @article{ author = {Aram, Sh and Khalilian, A}, title = {The Role of Increased Uric Acid in Predicting Pre-eclampsia at The Gestational Age of 24-28 Weeks}, abstract ={Abstract Background and objectives: Despite prenatal care, pre-eclampsia is still one of the most important causes of maternal and fetal mortality. There is no screening test for pre-eclampsia to be reliable and economical. One of the most accessible and easiest screening tests is blood uric acid measurement. The goal of this study is to assess the level of uric acid in high risk pregnant women a few weeks before emerging the manifestations of pre- eclampsia. Materials& Methods: In this study carried out in Isfahan medical centers, 124 pregnant women with gestational age of 24-28 weeks were selected by simple non-probability sampling. Then the subjects' uric acid were measured and considered high if it would be more than 4.5mg/dl. Results: of all the subjects, only 20 (16.1%) suffered from preeclampsia. 10 of 39(31.4%) who had high uric acid(more than 4.5mg/dl) showed pre-eclampsia.It is true for low uric acid women(68.6%), that is , the number of pre-eclampsia was ten. Conclusion: Relative risk of increased level of uric acid in preeclampsia at 24-28 weeks of gestational age was 2.2. Chi-square test showed that there is significant difference between the level of uric acid at 24-28 weeks of gestational age and the Incidence of preeclampsia. Keywords: pre-eclampsia, uric acid- high risk pregnancy}, Keywords = {Keywords: pre-eclampsia, uric acid- high risk pregnancy }, volume = {1}, Number = {1}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {school of paramedicine, golestan university of medical sciences}, url = {http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/article-1-80-en.html}, eprint = {http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/article-1-80-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Laboratory Journal}, issn = {}, eissn = {2538-4449}, year = {2007} } @article{ author = {Moradi,, A and Ahmadi, A and Bakhshandeh-Nosrat, S and Sanee-Moghaddam, E and Saeedi, M}, title = {Survey of HTLV-1 Antibody Among Thalassemic Patients in Gorgan}, abstract ={Abstract Background and objectives: HTLV-1 virus belongs to the retrovirus and infection with this virus mostly is seen among people having more than one time blood transfusion. Because of requiring repeated blood transfusions, thalassemic patients are considered to be high risk subjects in this regard. Thus, this study was carried out to indicate the frequency of HTLV-1 infection among the thalassemic patients. Materials and Methods: Blood samples of 181 thalassemic patients referred to Taleghani hospital during nearly two years (2004-2005) were taken. By using ELISA technique, the sera were assessed to determine HTLV antibody. The positive ones subsequently were examined by western Blot (kit, 2.4) to confirm the ELISA positive samples and also to recognize the HTLV type. Results: Of 181 thalassemic patients, 93 (51.4%) were male. The age was between one and twenty five (14.11 ± 6.5). 93.4% (169) were received packed cell only once in a month. 14.9% (27) were HTLV positive by ELISA technique, while just eight out of these 27 were considered to be true positive by Western blot and to be contaminated by type one virus. Of all subjects, 4.4% were positive HTLV1. Furthermore, the contamination with this virus is increased as the patients getting older. Conclusion: The findings indicated that among the thalassemic patients in Gorgan, there are cases with HTLV-1 whose frequency is correlated with the other part of our country. Consequently, further comprehensive studies are required to identify those infected blood donated to minimize the transmission risk of this infection in the society and in particular among the people receiving blood, such as thalassemic patients. Keywords: HTLV-1 antibody, thalassemic patients, ELISA, western Blood, Gorgan Journal}, Keywords = {Keywords: HTLV-1 antibody, thalassemic patients, ELISA, western Blood, Gorgan}, volume = {1}, Number = {1}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {school of paramedicine, golestan university of medical sciences}, url = {http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/article-1-79-en.html}, eprint = {http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/article-1-79-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Laboratory Journal}, issn = {}, eissn = {2538-4449}, year = {2007} } @article{ author = {Nosoohian, R and Yavari, M and Ajami, A and Sadegh, M}, title = {The Prevalence and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Shigella in Patients Referred to Health Center Iaboratory of Isfahan Medical University, 2006}, abstract ={Abstract Background and objectives :Epidemic dysentery, which can be caused by different organisms, is a major problem in developing countries. The cause variability and drug resistance make the treatment difficult. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Shigella in Isfahan reference laboratory. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study,200 stool samples referred to Isfahan Reference Laboratory were examined to detect possible microorganisms and their antibiotic sensitivity. Results:The Shigella and Salmonella infections rates were 17% and 0.5%. Shigella which is the most frequent cultured organism(97% of bacterial samples) includes: 79% Sd1, 15% Shigella Flexneri and 5% Shigella Sunnei. None of the samples was infected by Ecoli O157H7 or Entamoeba histolitica. The most effective ntibioticwas Ciprofloxacin (no resistance was seen to this antibiotic). Conclusion: The most important cause of bacterial dysentery in this study was shigellosis (sd1). Antibiotic resistance to ampicillin, Amoxiclav and Cotrimoxasole was quite high. This necessitates avoiding to empirical treatment of dysentery. Keywords: Dysentery, Antibiotic resistance, Salmonella, Shigella, Ecoli}, Keywords = {Keywords: Dysentery, Antibiotic resistance, Salmonella, Shigella, Ecoli }, volume = {1}, Number = {1}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {school of paramedicine, golestan university of medical sciences}, url = {http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/article-1-78-en.html}, eprint = {http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/article-1-78-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Laboratory Journal}, issn = {}, eissn = {2538-4449}, year = {2007} } @article{ author = {Bazzazi, H and Ramezani, M.A. and Bazoori, M and MohamadiBondarkheili, A and ArabAhmadi, M and Ghaemi, A}, title = {Seroepidemiology of Helicobacter Pylori infection in Patients With Coronary Syndrome in Gorgan}, abstract ={Abstract Background and objectives: most common causes of morbidity and mortality in industrial and developing countries. Recent studies have suggested that A coronary heart disease is one of the Helicobacter pylori heart disease therefore, this study was carried out in Gorgan, Iran, to show the relationship between coronary disease and Helicobacter pylori infection. caused infection may be associated with chronic Materials and Methods: carried out on 109 patients suffering from acute coronary syndrome and 85 healthy individuals, ELISA was used to determine Anti Helicobacter pylori Anti bodies (IgA, IgG ). In this cross sectional case-control study Results: while in control group were %32.9 and %62.4. There was significant difference between IgA of two groups (p<0.007). Simultaneous presence of both IgG and IgA in patients affected by Coronary disease was meaningful (p<0.003). IgA and IgG antibodies of case group were %51.4 and %53.2 Conclusion be related to coronary disease, we suggest their investigation in suspected individuals. : Since Simultaneous presence of both IgG and IgA may Key word Antibody : Acute Coronary syndrome, Helicobacter Pylori,}, Keywords = {Key word: Acute Coronary syndrome, Helicobacter Pylori, Antibody}, volume = {1}, Number = {1}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {school of paramedicine, golestan university of medical sciences}, url = {http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/article-1-77-en.html}, eprint = {http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/article-1-77-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Laboratory Journal}, issn = {}, eissn = {2538-4449}, year = {2007} } @article{ author = {Halako, A and mozfari, N and Forohesh, H and khormali, M}, title = {The Frequency of Vibrio Parahaemolyticus in Southeastern Coast ofCaspian Sea}, abstract ={Abstrac t Background and Objectives: pathogenic species of vibrio. It is a salt-requiring organism. It cases watery diarrhea often with abdominal cramping, nausea, vomiting and fever. This study was performed to assess the seawater samples of Caspian coastal regions. Vibrio parahaemolyticus is one of Materials and methods: APW and TCBS agar media and then biochemistry tests were used to distinguish vibrio parahemolytic. Methods used to isolate this organism were Results: parahaemolyticus( Gaz and the rest from khomishan region.) Of 73 seawater samples, we could isolate 32 Vibrio16 of them from Bandar Turkmen, 10 of Bandar found abundantly in Caspian coastal regions. Conclusion: This study indicated that Vibrio parahaemolyticus can be parahaemolyticus, distribution, Key words: Southeastern Caspian coastal regions, Vibrio}, Keywords = {Key words: Southeastern Caspian coastal regions, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, distribution}, volume = {1}, Number = {1}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {school of paramedicine, golestan university of medical sciences}, url = {http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/article-1-76-en.html}, eprint = {http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/article-1-76-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Laboratory Journal}, issn = {}, eissn = {2538-4449}, year = {2007} } @article{ author = {Taherkhani, H and Sardarian, Kh}, title = {Epidemiology and Clinical Manifestations of Giardiasis in Patients Referred to Parasitology Laboratory of Hamadan, 2004-2005}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Objectives: Giardia lamblia is one of the most common protozoa in human being throughout the world. The different isolates of this parasite have various potential pathogenicity. Clinical demonstrations of Giardiasis are acute diarrhea, chronic diarrhea syndrome and malabsorbtion.The aim of this study has been the observation of the different kinds of clinical features in patients with Giardia lamblia referred to the Hamadan faculty of medicine, 2004- 2005 Materials & Methods: The fecal samples of 274 patients referred to Hamadan faculty of medicine were examined via direct and Formol- Eter methods. By a questionnaire, the subjects’ clinical manifestations were recorded and then analyzed. Results: In this study, 20.4% of the patients (55.4% male, 44.6% female) were infected with Giardia. 46.5% of them complained of abdominal pain. The prevalence of Giardia was 30.8 %( 6-10 years) and 23.1% (1-5 years). The most common signs observed were abdominal pain, diarrhea and vomiting, respectively. Conclusion: The most common sign observed in this study was abdominal pain, partially similar to studies carried out in other parts of Iran and the world too. Key word: Giardiasis, Clinical Signs,Epidemioloy,Hamadan}, Keywords = {Key word: Giardiasis, Clinical Signs,Epidemioloy,Hamadan}, volume = {1}, Number = {1}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {school of paramedicine, golestan university of medical sciences}, url = {http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/article-1-75-en.html}, eprint = {http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/article-1-75-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Laboratory Journal}, issn = {}, eissn = {2538-4449}, year = {2007} } @article{ author = {Qureshi, M and Zangiabadi, M and Ebrahimzadeh,, A and RezaeeFiroozabadi, M and Roodbari, M}, title = {The Distribution of Fungal Seasonal Frequency in The Air of Zahedan, Iran}, abstract ={Abstract Background and Objective: Airborne fungi have been proposed as the most common cause of some adverse health effects such as skin, eye and respiratory disorders therefore, we carried out an aerobiological study to determine fungal seasonal frequency in the air of Zahedan, Iran. Materials and Methods: The air samples (n=1080) of this descriptive cross sectional study were obtained, in different hours, from different urban places of zahedan in 2001, and studied via sabouraud dextrose agar(S.D.A). Results: 1917 colonies were found in the 1080 studied plates and indicated that the most Common fungi were aspergillus(41%), penicillium(33%) and rhizopus(6.8%), based on chi square, The fungal frequencies in the evening(39.3%), at noon(38.2%) and in the morning(22.5%) were not statistically different . Highly contaminated area was down town (Bazar) and then hospitals. There was significant correlation (p<0.001) between fungal frequency and the seasons- winter (15.9%) and summer (31.4%). Conclusion: Based on the results, we suggest strongly improving environmental hygienic condition of the buildings and passages and rapid waste material disposal. It seems that the most effective strategy in decreasing fungal disorder is performing some educational programs. Keywords: Fungal agents, air, Zahedan.}, Keywords = { Keywords: Fungal agents, air, Zahedan. }, volume = {1}, Number = {1}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {school of paramedicine, golestan university of medical sciences}, url = {http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/article-1-74-en.html}, eprint = {http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/article-1-74-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Laboratory Journal}, issn = {}, eissn = {2538-4449}, year = {2007} } @article{ author = {Niknezhad, F and Kalavi, Kh and Mofidi, M and Sarikhani, A}, title = {The Prevalence of Thalassemia Minor in The Aliabad Katool}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Objectives: Thalassemia syndromes isone of the inherited disorders in which one or more globulin chains are affected. On the basis of clinical symptoms, thalassemias are categorized as minor, intermediate, and major. Minor beta -thalassemia is a mild microcytic hypo chromic anemia in most cases asymptomatic and HbA2 is more than normal. Materials & Methods: This study carried out on 813 blood samples obtained from male high school students of Aliabad Katool, in the north of Iran. After detecting red blood cell indices of the subjects whose MCV was less than 80fl HbA study performed. Results: The MCV of 8.24% of the subjects was less than 80fl.34 of 67 had HbA2 of less than 3.5 %(normal) while the rest more than 3.5%(minor). Conclusions: Since about 50% of microcytic anemic patients were the carrier of beta-thalassemia and it is highly Prevalent in this region (4.06%), we recommend to investigate HbA2 in people with MCV less than 80 fl. Keyword: Thalassemia, Thalassemia minor, HbA2, Iran}, Keywords = {Keyword: Thalassemia, Thalassemia minor, HbA2, Iran }, volume = {1}, Number = {1}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {school of paramedicine, golestan university of medical sciences}, url = {http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/article-1-73-en.html}, eprint = {http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/article-1-73-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Laboratory Journal}, issn = {}, eissn = {2538-4449}, year = {2007} }