Showing 16 results for Golestan Province
Kh Kalavi, A Moradi, Ar Ahmadi, Aj Sarikhani, M Bazoori, Mr Kyaee,
Volume 2, Issue 1 (4-2008)
Abstract
Abstract Background and objectives: Human T-Lymphocyte Virus-1 (HTLV- 1) is known as the etiologic factor of acute T-Lymphocytic Leukemia (ATL) and tropical spastic paralysis. (TSP). Endemic factors causing infection with Human T Lymphocyte Virus-1 (HTLV-1) is based on environmental, socio-economical and health behaviors of the individuals. This virus is well distributed in families with involved members. Golestan province is located in North West part of Northern Khorasan province that had already been known as an endemic area for HTLV-1. This virus is also known as the main etiologic factor for cancers and ATL, therefore we studied the prevalence of HTLV-1 seroepidemiology in Golestan province. Material and Methods: The subjects selected by cluster sampling were 2034 healthy cases residing in different parts of Golestan province. ELISA method using Dia- pro anti HTLV-1 antibody kits was applied for serological assessment. Western Blot (HTLV BLOT 2.4) was used for confirmation purposes. Results: The subjects aged 38.66±16.54 were 2034 healthy persons. Forty-one point seven of these cases were males and the rest females. Based on ELISA method there were15 HTLV-1 positive cases (0.7%). -1. (0.7%) Six out of 15 were confirmed by western blot method (95%, CI: 0.06-0.53%). The highest prevalence sigllificant) aiology is in the highat rate in 31-40 year old gro0.7%). onclusion: This study shows that HTLV-1 is prevalent in Golestan the same as the other parts of the world. There fere: we urse on performing screening test (HTLV-) on donated blood components before delivering (OK labeling). Key words: HTLV-1, Seroepidemiology, ELISA, Western Blot, Golestan ATL(Acute T lymphocytic Leukemia) Six cases out of 15 were confirmed by western blot method (95%, CI: 0.06-0.53%). The highest prevalence was 2.6% seen in Kalaleh city (east part of the province) [95%, Cl: 0.06-0.53%). There was significant difference between the prevalence of HTLV-1 and the dwelling place. (p=002). HTLV-1 seroepidemiology was in the highest rate in 31-40 year old group (0.7%). Conclusion: This study shows that HTLV-1 is prevalent in Golestan province, the same as the other parts of the world. Therefore, we recommend performing screening test (HTLV-) on donated blood components before delivering (OK labeling). Key words: HTLV-1, Seroepidemiology, ELISA, Western Blot, Golestan province, ATL (Acute T lymphocytic Leukemia)
A Moradi, E Mobasheri, A Tabarraei, S Bakhshandeh Nosrat, V Kazemi Nejad, R Azarhosh, Sh Alizadeh, M Bazori,
Volume 3, Issue 1 (4-2009)
Abstract
Abstract Background and objectives: Breast cancer is the most prevalent one in women. Some of the common causative factors are genetic background, nutritional and environmental factors. Viruses are believed as a risk factor in this cancer, too. Recent studies reported that Human Papillomaviruses can be one of the possible risk factors of breast cancer. This study focused on investigation of the papillomavirus genome in tissues of breast cancer in Golestan province, Iran. Material and Methods: This descriptive analytical study was done from 2005 until 2008. The Samples were obtained from women admitted to the hospitals in Gorgan and Gonbad cities. All breast biopsy or mastectomy tissues were confirmed by the pathologists for breast cancer. DNA was extracted and PCR done by using general primers (GP5 + / GP6 + and MY09/MY11) for detection of papillomavirus genomes. Results: The Subjects are 231 patients aged 47± 12/72, the youngest 20 and the oldest 84. They are from Gorgan (N=122)and Gonbad (N=109) The result Shows That The Subjects Suffer from infiltrating ductular Carcinoma(31.4%), infiltrating duct Carcinoma (60.1%)and intraductal Lobular Carcinoma (4.3%) and The rest from other kinds of Cancer. Papilloma Virus genome is not found in These Samples. Conclusion: Based on paradoxical results from different parts of the world, upon the presence or absence of papillomavirus genome in breast cancer samples, to show the role of this virus in the development of breast cancer more studies are needed. Key words: Breast Cancer, Papillomaviruses, Golestan Province
S N Javid, E A Ghaemi, N Amirmozaffari, S Rafiee, A Moradi, T Dadgar,
Volume 3, Issue 1 (4-2009)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and objectives: With almost nine million new cases each
year, tuberculosis is still one of the most Life-threatening diseases in the
World. Distribution of drug resistant strains of M.tuberculosis has a lot of
importance. This research was carried out to determine the frequency of drug
resistance of M. tuberculosis in strains isolated in Golestan province.
Material and Methods: In this cross -sectional study, 104 isolate of
M.tuberculosis which isolated from patients referred to Gorgan tuberculosis
Health Center, in 2008 were studied. DNA was extracted by Boiling Method.
By using PCR method, we determine the M.tubeculosis strain and resistance
to Rifampin (Using IS6110 and Gene rpoB primers) and resistance to
Isoniazid (Using InhA and KatG primers). As a Gold Standandard,
“Proportional method” was performed for 45 Samples.
Results: 87 strains were identified as M.tuberculosis. 6.9% of them were
resistant to Isoniazid, 4.6% to Rifampin and 2.3% to both (MDR).Sensitivity
and Specifity of PCR method in detection of resistant to Isoniazid were
95.3% and 57.1% and for Rifampin were 94.7% and 33.3%.
Conclusion: We found that in our region, the MDR is not very common.
More than 16% of isolated strains from tuberculosis suspected patients were
MOTT, for this reason it is necessary to mention that use biochemical or PCR
method to determine M.tuberculosis is necessary.
Key words: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, MDR, PCR, Proportional method
, Golestan province.
S S Bani Aghil, S Abbasi, M Arab, M S Seyedein,
Volume 3, Issue 2 (10-2009)
Abstract
Abstract Background and objectives: Hepatitis C virus (HCV), Human immuno deficiency virus (HIV) and Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) are the three main agents of Communicable disorders transmitted by blood transfusion. The survey of these virus-caused infections in Blood donors can display epidemiology of infections in province and be useful for evaluating donors’ health. The aim of this study was serologic Study of infections caused by HBV, HCV and HIV in Blood donors of Golestan province, Iran. Material and Methods: This retrospective study was carried out on all files of blood donors, referred to Golestan Blood transfusion Services, with positive Lab results. We assess the prevalence of HBV, HCV and HIV, and demographic data of blood donors and analyzed the data by chi-square, using SPSS soft ware. Results: During 2006-2008, 128198 people have donated in Golestan province. The prevalence of HBV during 2006-2008 is respectively 1.25%, 0.95% and 0.11% HCV is 14%, 13% and of HIV is 0.0015 %( just 2 cases in 2007). The prevalence of HBV, HIV and HCV is higher in male, married and donors with high school diploma. Also the prevalence of HIV, HCV and HBV is lower in regular donors rather the first time donors. Conclusion: It seems that the prevalence of HBV and HCV is decreased during three years. This decrease can be due to physician’s supervision for selecting healthy donor and availability of donors’ medical record. Key words: Golestan Province, HIV, HCV, HBV, demographic,prevalence
A Shariati, Hr Pordeli, Me Tajari, E Yazarloo, S Kaghazloo, N Ebrahimi,
Volume 7, Issue 3 (10-2013)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Objective: Understanding the resistance patterns of bacteria and their sensitivity and attempting to find new compounds with broad effective spectrum would be significant in controlling infection. This study aimed at evaluating antibacterial potential of three honey samples produced in Golestan province, Iran, against Enterococcus faecalis strains.
Material and Methods: After the isolation and identification of bacterial strains, their antibiotic resistance was determined using Kirby-Bauer method. Then, seven isolates of Enterococcus faecalis with multidrug-resistance were selected and antibacterial activities of honey samples assessed by disk-diffusion, well-diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration test (MIC).
Results: The highest diameter of inhibition zone in disk-diffusion and well diffusion methods is 20 mm and 26 mm, respectively. Also the MIC is measured 62.5 mg.ml for all samples.
Conclusion: In prohibiting microbial growth, all three samples were successful and they could prevent growing bacterial infection in spite of remarkable resistance of Entrococcus. Hence, further research should be conducted to assess the effects of honey samples against other bacteria.
Keywords: Multidrug-Resistance Enterococcus spp Honey Golestan Province
M Eramabadi, K Tadayon, N Mosavari, R Keshavarz, R Banihashemi, R Ghaderi, M Sekhavati, M Ahmadi, P Eramabadi, E Khodaverdi Daryan,
Volume 7, Issue 5 (2-2014)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Objective: A high level of homogeneity observed within all bacteria in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex makes a property that seriously challenges traditional biochemical-based identification methods of these pathogens in the laboratory. The work presented here was conducted to characterize Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates in Golestan, Northern Iran.
Material and Methods: Between 2008 and 2010, 42 mycobacterial isolates were collected from clinical tuberculosis-suspected patients in Golestan province. The isolates were sub-cultured on fresh Mycobacterium-specific culture media including glycerinated and pyruvated Lowenstein-Jensen slopes. The isolates were subsequently subjected to a PCR-based identification scheme coined Huard-Warren method. This strategy consisted of three individual algorithms namely, 16SrRNA RV typing (Rv0577, Rv3877.8, Rv1970, Rv3120, Rv1510 and IS1561) and RD typing (RD1, RD 4, RD9 and RD12).
Results: All isolates were proved to be M. tuberculosis. Furthermore, none of the patients were being infected with any other member of the M. tuberculosis complex or simultaneously co-infected with two mycobacteria. This fundamental observation was independently obtained by specific culture media, RV typing and also RD typing.
Conclusion: Considering the fact that cattle and sheep farming play an important role in the economy of the region, absence of Mycobacterium bovis in the studied isolates can be unexpected to some extent. Huard-Warren which is a simple and cost-effective identification method can be used in both reference and regional laboratory for differential diagnosis of tuberculosis.
Keywords: Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Complex, Huard-WarrenMethod, 16SrRNA, Golestan Province, RD Typing, RV Typing
M Soosaraie, As Pagheh, Sh Gholami,
Volume 8, Issue 1 (4-2014)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Objective: Given the importance of having knowledge about intestinal parasitic infections in rehabilitation centers, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in the disabled.
Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 196 stool specimens obtained from four rehabilitation centers in Golestan province, 2009. Triple fecal samples were collected and examined by direct wet Mount, Formalin-ether concentration technique and Trichrome permanent staining (with optical microscope).
Results: Of 196 specimens, 24 (12.3 %) had parasitic protozoan infection (5 species) and worm (1 species). The prevalence of intestinal protozoa was 11.8 %, and the highest rate of infection was related to Blastocystishominis (4.2%) and Giardia lamblia (3.1%). The rate of infection was the highest in under 9 and 20-29 years (4.1%) and the lowest in over 40 (0.5%). The prevalence in mentally handicapped was 9.2% and in physically disabled was 2.5%.
Conclusion: Due to serious complications of Amoebiasis, Giardiasis and other parasitic infections, it is essential to be careful about personal and social hygiene in these centers.
Keywords: Intestinal Parasitic Infections Disabled Rehabilitation Centers Golestan Province.
F Momeni, R Ghanbarpour, L Dolatshah, H Alizade,
Volume 8, Issue 2 (7-2014)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Objective: CTX-M type extended spectrum beta-lactamases is a rapidly expanding group of enzymes encountered with increasing frequency, especially, in Escherichia coli (E. coli). There are a few reports on phylogenetic background of E. coli isolates from clinical sources of under five-year- old children in Iran. The purpose of this study was phylotyping of E. coli isolates having blaCTX-M and blaCTX-M-15 genes from under five-year- old children with diarrhea and urinary tract infection (UTI).
Material and Methods: A total of 121 E. coli isolates (75 diarrheas and 46 UTI) were obtained and identified as E. coli based on standard bacteriological tests. DNA was extracted from E. coli isolates by alkaline lysis method. PCR assay was used because of high frequency of blaCTX-M and blaCTX-M-15 genes in the isolates and also determination of phylogenetic group/subgroups by detection of yjaA and chuA genes and fragment TspE4.C2.
Results: The isolates belonged to four phylogenetic groups A (48.77%), B1 (14.04%), B2 (11.57%), and D (25.62%). In the diarrheic isolates,17.37% were positive for blaCTX-M and 14.04% of isolates possessed both blaCTX-M and blaCTX-15genes.Out of 46 UTI isolates, 21.73% were positive for blaCTX-M and 15.21% for blaCTX-M and blaCTX-M-15 genes.
Conclusion: A rather high prevalence of E. coli isolates with blaCTX-M and blaCTX-M-15 genes was observed in fewer than five-year- old children in Khoramabad city. Phylotyping of isolates possessing blaCTX-M and blaCTX-15genes showed that most of them belonge to A and D phylo-groups.
Keywords: Escherichia Coli, Phylogenetic Group, Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase
B Rahimi-Esboei, A Pagheh, M Fakhar, S Pagheh, Y Dadimoghadam,
Volume 8, Issue 3 (8-2014)
Abstract
Abstract Background and Objective: The Outbreak of human parasitic diseases associated with the consumption of raw vegetables often occurs in both developing and developed countries. This study aimed to evaluate parasitic contamination of edible vegetables in Golestan Province. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the cities of Golestan Province for six months, 2012. The samples (N = 100) were randomly chosen among different vegetables (parsley, lettuce, radish, and cress), and examined for the presence of helminthic and protozoan parasitic contaminations following washing, centrifuging and sedimentation. Results: Thirty-seven (37%) were found to have parasitic contamination, and of these 30 (81.1%) and 7 (18.9%) were helminths and protozoa, respectively. The highest rate of contamination was detected in parsley (37.9%), and the lowest in radish (12.0%). Moreover, free living larva with 58.6% and Hymenolepis nana ova with 5.1% were the highest and lowest contaminated rates, respectively. Conclusion: Based on our results, consumed vegetables in Golestan Province is considered as a potential risk for some human parasitic infections. Keywords: Vegetable, Parasite, Parasitic Infections, Golestan Province
Namroodi, S, Saberi, M,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (7-2015)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Dogs have been introduced as a major reservoir of Leishmania infantum. Concerning the increased sporadic reports of humeral visceral leishmaniasis in Golestan province, we aimed to study seroepidemiology of leishmania infantum in Rural Dogs.
Material and Methods: this study was conducted in 2012 - 2014 on 150 Serum samples of rural dogs, from 10 districts of Golestan province. The samples were analyzed by ELIZA kit.
Results: the frequency of leishmania infantum was 15.3% and it was higher in the dogs aged more than four. There were no differences in Leishmania infantum infection between sexes and seasons.
Conclusion: our findings indicate the presence of Leishmania infantum in Golestan Province. Given the presence of positive titer of Leishmania infantum in dogs without clinical signs, we emphasize the main role of rural dogs in transmitting Leishmania infuntum to villagers in the studied area.
Keywords: Leishmania Infantum, ELIZA, Rural Dogs, Golestan Province
Manshouri, M, Yazdanbakhsh, Ar, Bay, A, Sadeghi, M, Tazikeh, F, Elyasi, Sa, Paydar, R,
Volume 9, Issue 3 (9-2015)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Objective: Swimming pools, which are recreational places, can cause transmission of bacterial diseases, fungal and parasitic infections due to direct contact with various groups of people. We aimed to determine and compare the common microbial indicators in the water of pools and Jacuzzis in Golestan province.
Material and Methods: the samples were obtained from eight indoor pool and Jacuzzi in Golestan province from July to December 2010, to evaluate the biological and physiochemical parameters.
Results: The residual chlorine in the pool and Jacuzzis was 74.3 % and the 41.1 %, respectively, and the difference was significant; the pH level was 70.4 % and 78.1 %, respectively; the mean of turbidity was 17.8 %, and 9.8 % and the difference was not significant. The samples contaminated with total coliform in the pool and Jacuzzi, respectively, were 4.3 % and 15.2 % and with E. coli were 1.3 % and 11.2 %.
Conclusions: The higher contamination of Jacuzzi is related to the higher temperature and turbidity of water, and more exposure of swimmer with water and less recirculation of Jacuzzi water. The high turbidity, lack of desired residual chlorine and choliform contamination are the main problems of swimming pools and Jacuzzi in Golestan province.
Keywords: Biological indicators, Microbial, Pool, Golestan Province.
Sakine Tale Hel Abad , Hamid Reza Joshaghani , Mojgan Nejabat , Hadi Rahimzadeh , Farhad Niknejad , Mohammad Reza Kiaie,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (1-2016)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objective: Ochratoxin is a fungal toxin produced by Penicillium verrucosum and some Aspergillus species. Ochratoxin is usually found in grains, cereal products and also animal feed of livestock. The aim of this study was to measure the level of Ochratoxin in pasteurized milk samples of Golestan Province, Iran.
Methods: Overall, 38 milk samples were collected from East and West of the Golestan province in accordance with standards 326 and 419 of the Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran. The level of Ochratoxin was measured by ELISA method.
Results: The mean level of Ochratoxin A in 20 raw milk samples collected from the West of the Province was 3.32 ± 3.76 ng/ml. The mean level of Ochratoxin A in 18 raw milk samples collected from the East was 6.02 ± 4.42 ng/ml. Ochratoxin A levels in most samples were higher than the limits established by the European standards.
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, Ochratoxin level of 84.2% and 52.6% of the samples from the West and East of the province are higher than the allowed limits (2 ng/ml), respectively.
Amir Mohammadi , Masoume Mazandarani , Jila Asghari (phd),
Volume 10, Issue 3 (5-2016)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Stachys inflata Benth. is used as an anti-inflammatory and antiseptic agent in traditional medicine in most mountain villages of Golestan province. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the antioxidant, ethnopharmacological and phytochemical properties of extract from different parts of S. inflata, collected from Chahar Bagh Mountain.
METHODS: Flowering branches and root of the plant were collected from Chahar Bagh Mountain (2100 m) in July 2013. At the same time, the most important information about traditional uses of the plant (ethnopharmacology) was recorded by questioning local people. Phytochemical evaluation (total phenolic, flavonoid and anthocyanins content) of ethanolic extract of plant organs was done using spectrophotometry and folin-ciocalteu. The antioxidant activity of the extract was evaluated by DPPH test. P ≤0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
RESULTS: The amount of chemical compounds in the extract of flowering branches and root extract was significantly different. The total phenolic (129.96 ± 5.6 mgGAE/g), flavonoid (29.62 ± 1.4 mgQUE/g) and anthocyanin (0.021 ± 0.001 µg/g) content in the extract of aerial parts of the plant was approximately 1.5 to 3 times higher than those in the root. Due to higher production of active compounds, the antioxidant activity of the aerial parts’ extract showed a greater potential in free radical scavenging (IC50= 76.33 ± 4.2 µg/ml) compared to the root extract.
CONCLUSION: Phytochemical findings and antioxidant activity of the extract of aerial parts of the plant in free radical scavenging, confirm the traditional applications of this plant as analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antiseptic agent in treatment of rheumatism, wounds, burns and diarrhea. It is recommended that further evaluation of the plant’s traditional applications be conducted in vivo and in vitro.
Ali Varasteh Moradi , Sedigheh Zhand ,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (5-2016)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objective: Glycyrrhizaglabra L. is one of the most widely used medicinal herbs in Golestan province that is known for its anti-inflammatory, carminative, antiviral, anti-infection and anti-ulcer properties in Iranian traditional medicine. This study aimed to assess the anti-bacterial and anti-oxidative activity of G. glabrafrom the Golestan province.
Methods: The rip root of the plant was collected in autumn 2013. The ethanolic extract of the plant was prepared by maceration method. The anti-oxidative property of the plant was assessed by total antioxidant capacity (TAC), reducing power (RP) and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity assays. The anti-bacterial activity was assessed using agar-well diffusion method and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay.
Results: The ethanolic extract of G. glabrahad relatively high anti-oxidative activity with IC50 value of 130 µg/ml, especially in the DPPH method. The extract also exhibited high anti-bacterial activity against the following Gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus (21.1±0.7 mm), Staphylococcus epidermidis (19.6±0.2 mm), Bacillus subtilus (19.3±0.6 mm), followed by Escherichia coli (12.1±0.8 mm), Enterococcus faecalis (13.2±0.1 mm) and Kelebsiellapneumoniae (11.5±0.4 mm) with MIC values in the range of 31 - 132 mg. mL-1.
Conclusion: According to results, the root extract of G.glabrais a good source of antioxidant compounds with suitable anti-bacterial activity, which can be used as natural anti-infection and anti-inflammatory agent for treatment of many diseases.
Semira Kheiri , Zohreh Nematollahi, Naghmeh Gholipour, Jahanbakhsh Asadi,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (5-2018)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the causative agent of pulmonary tuberculosis, a main public health problem that results in 1.5 million deaths annually. A number of epidemiological studies suggested that host genetic factors could play a main role in susceptibility to tuberculosis infection.
SP110 is an interferon-induced nuclear body protein with vital roles in apoptosis, cell cycling and immunity. SP110 gene has been suggested to be a suitable candidate for limiting TB infections. Thus, we investigated the possible association between SP110 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to tuberculosis in the Golestan Province, Iran.
Methods: We investigated the frequency of rs1135791 polymorphism of the SP110 gene among 100 pulmonary tuberculosis patients and 100 healthy individuals who were referred to the health centers in the Golestan Province (Iran) between 2014 and 2015. Frequency of genotypes was evaluated using amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction.
Results: The frequency distribution of TT, TC and CC genotypes among the patients was 65%, 31% and 4%, respectively. In the control group, the frequency distribution of TT, TC and CC genotypes was 56%, 46% and 7%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the frequency of rs1135791 between the patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and the healthy controls (P=0.42).
Conclusion: Based on the results, the SP110 rs1135791 variant is not a genetic risk factor for development of pulmonary tuberculosis in Golestan Province, Iran.
Keywords: rs1135791T, Pulmonary tuberculosis, Golestan Province.
Hossein Khani , Alijan Tabarraei , Abdolvahab Moradi ,
Volume 12, Issue 6 (11-2018)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and objectives: Coronaviruses are the main causes of respiratory tract infections in humans. They are also the second leading cause of common cold after rhinoviruses, and can lead to otitis media and asthma. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular detection of coronaviruses in clinical samples of patients with flu-like symptoms.
Methods: Specimens were taken from 297 patients with flu-like symptoms who were referred to the influenza laboratory of Golestan University of Medical Sciences during 2012-2014. RNA was extracted from the specimens using an RNA extraction kit. Accordingly, RNA was used for cDNA synthesis and GAPDH was used as the internal control. Synthesized cDNA was investigated for presence of human coronaviruses genome with real-time polymerase chain reaction using specific primers. Data were analyzed by SPSS 16.0 software.
Results: The coronavirus genome was not detected in the specimens of patients with flu-like symptoms.
Conclusion: Genome of human coronaviruses is absent in samples from patients with upper respiratory tract infections and influenza-like symptoms, which may indicate the low prevalence of the virus in the Golestan Province, Iran.
KEYWORDS: Human coronaviruses, Upper respiratory tract infection, Golestan Province.
