Abstract

Background and Objective: Staphylococcus aureus is an important cause of food poisoning. Due to the high consumption of fruit and ice cream in summer, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of S. aureus in traditional ice cream and juice in Gorgan, Iran.

Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted  on 25 places selling traditional ice cream and juice in the summer  of 2014 in Gorgan, Iran.

Results: Results showed that  the microbial contaminants  in traditional ice cream and  juice  centers  were  56%  and 14.28% of S. aureus, 44% and 33.3%  of  yeast, 28% and 28.57%  of B. cereus, 12% and 4.76%  of  Listeria, 8% and 14.28% of Bacillus subtilis and  4% and 4.76%  of  Bacillus licheniformis ,respectively.

Conclusion: The findings of this study indicated a high  contamination of traditional ice cream and juice with Staphylococcus aureus and various microorganisms.

Keywords: Ice Cream, Food Contamination, Staphylococcus Aureus

Abstract

Background and Objective: Swimming pools, which are recreational places, can cause transmission of bacterial diseases, fungal and parasitic infections due to direct contact with various groups of people. We aimed to determine and compare the common microbial indicators in the water of pools and Jacuzzis in Golestan province.

 Material and Methods: the samples were obtained from eight indoor pool and Jacuzzi in Golestan province from July to December 2010, to evaluate the biological and physiochemical parameters.

Results: The residual chlorine in the pool and Jacuzzis was 74.3 % and the 41.1 %, respectively, and the difference was significant; the pH level was 70.4 % and 78.1 %, respectively; the mean of turbidity was 17.8 %, and 9.8 % and the difference was not significant. The samples contaminated with total coliform in the pool and Jacuzzi, respectively, were 4.3 % and 15.2 % and with E. coli were 1.3 % and 11.2 %.

Conclusions: The higher contamination of Jacuzzi is related to the higher temperature and turbidity of water, and more exposure of swimmer with water and less recirculation of Jacuzzi water. The high turbidity, lack of desired residual chlorine and choliform contamination are the main problems of swimming pools and Jacuzzi in Golestan province.

Keywords: Biological indicators, Microbial, Pool, Golestan Province.