ABSTRACT

         Background and Objective: Vitamins C and E are  the two main antioxidants involved in prevention of type 2 diabetes, by reducing oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of vitamins C and E supplementation independently, on serum levels of insulin, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and resistin in people with type 2 diabetes.

        Methods: In this study, 38 patients with type 2 diabetes (17 men and 21 women) received 1,000 mg/day vitamin C, and 40 patients with type 2 diabetes (21 men and 19 women) received 400 IU/day vitamin E orally. Fasting blood glucose and lipid profile were measured using enzymatic method. Hs-CRP was measured by immunoturbidimetric method, and serum insulin and resistin levels were measured by ELISA.

         Results: total cholesterol, triglycerides, hs-CRP, insulin and resistin significantly were reduced after vitamin C supplementation (P<0.001). Moreover, the level of total cholesterol (P =0.018), low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides and hs-CRP significantly changed after vitamin E supplementation (P=0.001).

          Conclusion: The daily intake of 1,000 mg of vitamin C and 400 IU of vitamin E may be useful in reducing diabetic complications by decreasing serum levels of hs-CRP and lipid profile in people with type 2 diabetes.

 

ABSTRACT
        Background and Objective: Mycotoxins are a group of relatively resistant toxic metabolites. The most important mycotoxins are aflatoxins (B1 and B2, G1 and G2), which originate from contaminated animal feed. Dairy cattle transmit aflatoxins B1 and B2 through milk in form of aflatoxins M1 and M2, and endanger the human health. Traditional buffalo farms play an important role in the supply of dairy products in Khuzestan Province. In addition, the province has suitable conditions for the growth of various types of fungi. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the amount of aflatoxins in buffalo feed samples collected from two main suppliers of milk in the province (Ahvaz and Karun).
         Methods: Overall, 60 samples were collected during the 3 months of autumn 2014. Samples were analyzed by the sensitive and fast method of competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
         Results: The concentration of aflatoxin ranged from 0.77 to 64.85 μg/Kg. In addition, the concentration of aflatoxin in 21 samples was higher than the permitted limit (25 μg/Kg).
        Conclusion: The mean concentration of aflatoxin in the samples increases with the decrease in temperature and humidity. This increase is observed in Ahvaz at a higher rate, which could be due to inappropriate storage and use of rice bran in their feed.
         Keywords: Aflatoxins,  Ahvaz, Animal Feed.