Showing 43 results for Blood
Maryam Janitermi, Esmail Fattahi, Seyed Gholam Ali Jorsaraei,
Volume 16, Issue 2 (3-2022)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Developing scaffolds is important for tissue engineering and repairing damaged tissues. The present study aimed to investigate effects of pre-incubation of an electrospun silk fibroin scaffold in complete and serum-free media on proliferation and survival of cells seeded on the scaffold.
Methods: After removing sericin from the silk cocoon and preparing the fibroin solution (3% w/v), the electrospun silk fibroin scaffold was fabricated and its morphology was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. The scaffolds were pre-incubated in complete and serum-free Dulbecco's Modified Eagle media for one hour (short-term) and 10 days (long-term), and the hydrophilicity of scaffolds was evaluated by measuring the water contact angle. Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were seeded onto the scaffolds, and cell survival and genomic DNA concentration were evaluated after 21 days.
Results: The short-time pre-incubation of electrospun silk fibroin scaffolds in the complete medium increased the proliferation of seeded cells because of serum protein adsorption. In addition, long-term pre-incubation of the scaffolds in the complete and serum-free media increased cell proliferation due to the increased hydrophilicity of the scaffold (p<0.05). However, only long-term pre-incubation of the scaffolds in the complete medium had a significant effect on cell survival.
Conclusion: The results demonstrated that long-term pre-incubation of the scaffolds in the complete medium have more profound positive effects on cell survival and proliferation compared to short-term pre-incubation.
Madhusudana Hn, Akriti Kashyap, Sunita Patil, Gurpuneet Basra, Navnath Dighe, Sashindran Vk,
Volume 16, Issue 3 (5-2022)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Intraoperative blood transfusion is a common medical intervention worldwide. Although mostly lifesaving when indicated, inappropriate administration of intraoperative can be potentially life-threatening. The aim of this study was to analyze the most common surgery/invasive procedures requiring intraoperative transfusion and to determine indications for intraoperative transfusion as well as the outcome of the patients after intraoperative transfusion.
Methods: A retrospective review of the electronic database of medical records was done for surgical patients who received intraoperative transfusion from June 2019 to December 2019. Preoperative hemoglobin values, associated comorbidities, and physiological triggers including hypotension and tachycardia were recorded. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data.
Results: A total of 36 patients (age range: 9-80 years) were studied. Orthopedic surgeries (53%) were the most common surgeries that required intraoperative transfusion. Preoperative anemia (hemoglobin <10 g/dl) was the predominant reason for intraoperative transfusion. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (36.3%) was the most frequent comorbidity among the cases of intraoperative transfusion. Half the cases received two units of packed red blood cell (pRBC), while 39% of the cases received one unit of pRBC. The remaining 11.1% received more than two units of pRBC. Furthermore, 77.7% of the patients were discharged to home within a week, while 16.6% of the patients were discharged after a prolonged hospital stay (> one week). The remaining 5.5% died in the hospital within a week of the procedure/surgery.
Conclusion: Transfusion practices vary among physicians, hospitals, and countries. The findings highlight that the hospital might be the most important determinant of the number of administered transfusions, with some adopting programs to reduce transfusions for elective surgery.
Iffat Jamal, Shuchi Smita, Ravi Bhushan Raman, Vijayanand Choudhary, Satyadeo Choubey, Kaushal Kumar,
Volume 16, Issue 6 (11-2022)
Abstract
Background and objectives: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, a newly emergent coronavirus, first recognized in Wuhan, China in December 2019. Early identification of laboratory indicators helps in distinguishing severe patients from mild to moderate counterparts and can facilitate medical interventions, thereby lowering the mortality rate. The present study was done to evaluate the role of hematological parameters and basic coagulation parameters in the assessment of the severity of COVID-19.
Methods: This retrospective observational study was done at a tertiary care institute from May 2020 to May 2021. Hematological and coagulation profile was studied in 200 confirmed COVID-19 cases. Data related to age, gender, and clinical features were retrieved from patients’ records. Laboratory findings such as complete blood count neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, platelet to lymphocyte ratio, and coagulation parameters in different categories were compared.
Results: The majority of patients were males (59.5%) and with mild illness (52.5%). Moderate and severe illness was present in 30% and 17.5% of cases, respectively. The frequency of anemia, leucopenia, and thrombocytopenia was 62.5%, 6%, and 5.5%, respectively. Overall neutrophilia was seen in 40.5% of cases, whereas lymphopenia was seen in 39% of cases. Coagulation parameters were also much deranged in moderate and severe cases as compared to mild cases.
Conclusion: The hematopoietic and hemostatic systems are significantly affected by COVID-19. Careful evaluation of laboratory parameters assists clinicians in formulating a tailored treatment approach and in predicting disease severity.
Jonas Bikorimana, Joselyne Ingabire, Aprinal Arinaitwe, Parfait Cyuzuzo,
Volume 17, Issue 1 (1-2023)
Abstract
Background and objectives: All three phases of laboratory testing are equally important for improving total quality management, but the pre-analytical phase is the most error-prone. This study aimed to determine the rate and reasons for blood sample rejection in the pre-analytical phase of laboratory testing in a referral hospital in Ruhengeri, Rwanda.
Methods: This study was a cross-sectional and retrospective study in which 222 samples with nonconformities were discovered from 19,775 clinical samples. Various data related to the rejected samples were recorded along with nonconformities.
Results: The rate of blood sample rejection was 1.045% and 1.165% for the cross-sectional and retrospective approaches, respectively. The overall blood sample rejection rate was 1.105%. The most frequent error in the cross-sectional aspect was mislabeling (38.3%), while clotting (46.4%) was the most common cause of sample rejection in the retrospective aspect.
Conclusion: Based on the results of our study, the rate of blood sample rejection is high in the study area. Thus, there should be a laboratory policy for error record keeping as well as a settlement in “laboratory sentinel events” covering the total testing process.
Sadaf Khursheed Baba, Abiroo Jan, Mohd Suhail Lone, Dalip K Kakru, Bashir Ahmad Fomda, Gulnaz Bashir, Nadeem Ahmad Bhat,
Volume 17, Issue 3 (5-2023)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Conventional culture and sensitivity methods take around 48 hours to generate antibiotic sensitivity results after a blood culture is flagged as positive by automated systems. However, it is imperative to initiate early targeted antibiotic therapy for effective management of sepsis and to reduce morbidity, mortality, and cost of treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the direct sensitivity test (DST) as a potential tool to obtain quicker antibiotic susceptibility results from positive BacT/ALERT blood culture vials and the VITEK-2 system (the reference method).
Methods: Blood culture bottles flagged as positive by BacT/ALERT were Gram-stained. Cultures with polymicrobial growth were excluded from the study. The isolates were then simultaneously cultured and processed for the DST using the disk diffusion method. Agreements or errors were interpreted according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute’s guidelines.
Results: Among 76 Gram-positive isolates, we observed 99.2% essential agreement between the DST and AST. The rate of minor and major errors was 4.04% and 1.18%, respectively. Among 75 Gram-negative isolates, we observed 98.99% essential agreement between the DST and AST. The rate of minor and major errors was 4% and 2%, respectively. No very major error was seen in either Gram-negative or -positive isolates.
Conclusions: The DST results are available earlier than the AST results, which can ultimately help in the early initiation of targeted antibiotic therapy.
Aneesha Asok Kumar, Deepak Panasseril Jayapradeep, Gayathri Gangadharan Nair , Sebina Asmi, Ashid Salim,
Volume 17, Issue 5 (9-2023)
Abstract
Background: Blood transfusion is a potentially life-saving procedure that has many consequences and complications. Most of the complications are due to clerical and technical problems. Hence, the proper knowledge and skills of the personnel involved in blood transfusion are critical. Nurses are an integral part of blood transfusion procedures. Our study aimed to evaluate nurses' knowledge about safe blood transfusion practices in a tertiary care center in North Kerala.
Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study of 113 registered nurses involved in a blood transfusion procedure in a tertiary care center in North Kerala. The knowledge of the nurses was evaluated by using a questionnaire comprising 20 questions, of which 10 questions were about theoretical knowledge and 10 were about practical knowledge. Scores>75%, between 50% and 75%, and <50% were considered as good, fair, and poor knowledge, respectively.
Results: In our study, 44.25% of the nurses showed fair knowledge, and 32.7% had poor knowledge of knowledgebased questions. Moreover, 48.6 % had fair knowledge, and 14.16% had poor knowledge of practice-based questions. No statistically significant association was found between nurses' years of experience and theoretical and practical knowledge. A statistically significant association was found between the place of work and theoretical and practical knowledge. Many of the nurses lacked proper knowledge regarding the key aspects of blood transfusion.
Conclusion: We recommend more training programs to improve the knowledge and skills of the nurses to ensure the quality and safety of blood transfusion.
Mohammad Fayaz, Vahid Tajari, Mohammad Hosein Taziki Balajelini, Abdolhalim Rajabi, Seyed Mehran Hosseini,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (1-2024)
Abstract
Background: The outcome of hospitalized COVID-19 patients is predictable according to demographic, clinical, laboratory, and imaging risk factors. We aimed to determine the best outcome predictors and their trends during 30 days of hospitalization.
Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on moderate to severe hospitalized COVID-19 patients from 26 January 2020 to 13 January 2021. The length of stay in the hospital was considered as the time interval between admission and discharge, and the patient's final condition was defined as either dead or alive. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected from the hospital information system. The generalized additive model and the Cox regression model were used to model data.
Results: Of the 1520 hospitalized COVID-19 patients, 232 (15.26%) died and 1288 survived or reached the end of 30 days of hospitalization. We selected demographic, clinical, and 131 independent laboratory variables. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) had a nearly double average in the dead group (44.603 [± 25.408] mg/dL) than the survived group (21.304 [± 13.318] mg/dL), and the lymphocyte (Lymph) count showed the opposite trend. The estimated hazard ratio (HR) of these 2 factors was higher than 1 and was statistically significant. In daily stay trends, the hazard function of them also increased rapidly after 15 days.
Conclusion: Blood urea nitrogen and complete blood count provide strong predictive clues about the prognosis of hospitalized COVID-19 patients, and rapid dynamic changes in the second week can predict a poor outcome in these patients.
Imran Ahmed Siddiqui, Sowmya Gayatri C, Swati Suravaram, Bharat Kumar Reddy, Dhanalakshmi A,
Volume 18, Issue 2 (3-2024)
Abstract
Background: ‘M’ proteins or paraproteins refer to immunoglobulins that are produced by clonal plasma cells and are a characteristic feature of monoclonal gammopathies. Routine electrophoresis on agarose gel and immunofixation can be used to detect immunoglobulin paraprotein (M-protein). We aimed to evaluate the performance of agarose gel electrophoresis alone and in combination with immunofixation for detecting serum M-proteins.
Methods: One hundred and twenty-three patients suspected of paraproteinemia were evaluated. Routine serum protein electrophoresis (SPE) and immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE) protocols were performed. Data from SPE, and SPE-IFE (gel images and electrophoretograms) were collected and reviewed.
Results: 21% cases were confirmed using the SPE-IFE combination, and among them, 33% had positive light chain (λ) only on IFE. Similarly, nine cases with biclonal gammopathy on SPE were characterized by IFE.
Conclusion: IFE can be a confirmatory test in cases where SPE results are not reliable and it can be a complementary test when characterization of the M protein detected on SPE is required.
Seyed Sadegh Baniaghil, Fardin Balochi , Alireza Ahmadi,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (5-2024)
Abstract
Background: The understanding of blood group phenotypes is currently limited to the ABO and Rh blood group systems. This study aimed to determine the frequency of Rh system antigens (D, C, c, E, e) and the phenotypes of the system in blood donors. Identifying the blood group phenotypes of donors in any population is important for improving healthcare services and better serving patients.
Methods: This descriptive study was carried out on 575 donors (Turkmen and Fars) in blood transfusion centers in Golestan Province, Iran. A cell suspension (3-5%) from each sample was prepared in normal saline and exposed to Rh system antisera using the haemagglutination technique. The Rh phenotype was then determined based on the most common genotype.
Results: For the Rh system, the antigen frequencies of D, C, c, E, and e were 87.76%, 73.6%, 72.1%, 30.83%, and 93.59%, respectively. The most common phenotypes among the Turkmen and Fars donors were R1R1, R1r, and rr, respectively, while the least common phenotypes were R2Rz and ryry. The phenotypes r'r' and ryry were not detected in the Turkmen donors, and the phenotype r''r' was not identified in the Fars donors.
Conclusion: Identifying the prevalence of blood group antigens in donors from each region is crucial for organizing negative antigen blood units, preparing compatible blood for multitransfused patients, and preventing the development of alloantibodies in these patients.
Zaid Faris Hasan , Umut Safiye Şay Coşkun,
Volume 18, Issue 4 (7-2024)
Abstract
Background: Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) has emerged as the predominant etiological agent responsible for bloodstream infections among hospitalized patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate antibiotic resistance in A. baumannii isolates identified from blood cultures.
Methods: A retrospective cohort evaluation was conducted on 117 A. baumannii isolates obtained from blood cultures collected between 2018 and 2019 at the Microbiology Laboratory of Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University Hospital (Türkiye). The blood culture samples were incubated using the BACT-ALERT 3D system (bioMérieux, Durham, NC, USA). Microorganism identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed using the VITEK 2 (bioMérieux, France) automated system.
Results: Of the 117 samples, 59.8% were obtained from males and 40.2% from females. A total of 90.6% of blood culture samples were collected from the intensive care unit, and 88.9% of isolates were identified as multidrug-resistant (MDR). The highest resistance was observed against meropenem (99.1%), while the lowest resistance was noted for colistin (17.1%) and tigecycline (27.3%). Resistance to amikacin was 74.4%, while resistance levels to gentamicin, tobramycin, cefoxitin, and cefotaxime were within the range of 80–90%. Resistance to imipenem, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime, cefepime, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, meropenem, and ertapenem exceeded 90%.
Conclusion: The increasing number of MDR A. baumannii isolates poses a significant threat to all hospitalized patients. However, colistin and tigecycline remain preferable options for the treatment of MDR A. baumannii infections. Considering the increasing prevalence of MDR A. baumannii isolates, periodic analysis of epidemiological data in healthcare centers is important for managing resistance to colistin and tigecycline.
Abazar Yari , Morteza Ahmadi , Mahdieh Mehrpouri ,
Volume 18, Issue 5 (9-2024)
Abstract
Background: Thyroid hormones play a critical role in hematopoiesis, and thyroid disorders such as hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism can affect blood parameters. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of thyroid dysfunction on various blood parameters.
Methods: This case-control study included 194 subjects who were classified into three groups based on TSH levels: hypothyroid (n=70), hyperthyroid (n=56), and control (n=68). Conditions that affect blood parameters, including pregnancy, inherited or acquired red blood cell abnormalities, chronic inflammatory diseases, evidence of nutritional deficiencies, and underlying diseases such as cancer, as well as patients unwilling to participate in the study, were excluded. Hematological parameters were measured using a cell counter, and the results were analyzed using SPSS software.
Results: The results showed that 78% of the participants were female and 22% were male, aged 4 to 89 years. The analyses revealed that RBC, Hb, HCT, WBC count, and WBC differential count were significantly different between the three groups (P-value <0.05), but the differences were not significant for MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW, PLT, and MPV (P-value >0.05). Correlation analysis indicated a significant correlation between TSH and Hb, HCT, WBC, PLT, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Since thyroid hormones play a critical role in hematopoiesis, thyroid dysfunction can affect many hematological parameters. Therefore, the management of patients with thyroid disease should include the CBC test. In addition, patients with poor responses to anemia treatment may have an underlying thyroid disorder.
Joseph Ki , Mohan Kumar , Kanagasabapathy Sivagami , Jeevithan Shanmugam , Periasamy Aparnavi ,
Volume 18, Issue 6 (11-2024)
Abstract
Background: The ABO and Rh blood group systems have been associated with variations in disease susceptibility. This study aimed to assess the variability in blood parameters, including red cell parameters and metabolic parameters (Renal function, hepatic function, blood glucose, lipid profile, and thyroid function), by ABO and Rh blood grouping systems.
Methods: A secondary data analysis was conducted among patients who underwent a preventive health check-up at a private tertiary care hospital in Coimbatore, India. The laboratory database contained records of 62,808 adult participants who reported for master health check-ups between January 2017 and February 2024. Among these patients, those who reported for the first time were included.
Results: Blood grouping and typing data were available for 50,368 and 56,155 participants, respectively, with a mean age range of 52.6 to 53.0 years across all blood groups. The most prevalent blood group was O, followed by B, A, and AB, with a similar distribution across genders. The mean hemoglobin level was highest in the B group (13.7 ± 13.9 g/dl). MCH and MCV values were elevated in the A and O groups, while MCHC and ESR were higher in the B and AB groups. Renal and liver parameters mostly did not vary by blood group or Rh type, except for elevated urea levels in the A group and higher ALP levels in the O and Rh-positive groups. LDL and total cholesterol were highest in the A group, while HDL was highest in the AB group.
Conclusion: The results underscore the importance of considering blood group variations when interpreting blood parameters in clinical practice.
Saif Karim, Mahdi Zahedi , Zeinab Mohammadi , Nahid Poursharifi , Mehdi Khorami , Mohsen Tatar ,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (3-2025)
Abstract
Background: Smoking is recognized as a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), yet its influence on blood levels of homocysteine, folic acid, and vitamin B12 is not well understood. This study aimed to explore how smoking affects these biochemical markers in patients with CVD.
Methods: The study included 88 participants diagnosed with CVD, who were categorized into smokers (n=44) and non-smokers (n=44). Serum concentrations of homocysteine, folic acid, and vitamin B12 were assessed using ELISA. Additionally, blood pressure (both systolic and diastolic) and body mass index (BMI) were recorded.
Results: Smokers showed significantly lower levels of folic acid (22.41 ± 5.95 ng/mL) compared to non-smokers (28.05 ± 4.13 ng/mL, p = 0.000). No significant differences were observed in homocysteine (p = 0.958) or vitamin B12 (p = 0.578) levels between the two groups. A negative correlation was found between folic acid and systolic blood pressure in smokers, while no significant associations were noted among folic acid, vitamin B12, and homocysteine.
Conclusion: In patients with CVD, smoking is linked to significantly lower folic acid levels, which may lead to increased systolic blood pressure. These results underscore the need to monitor folic acid levels in smokers who are at risk for cardiovascular issues.
Neema Tiwari , Richa Sharma , Prachi Saxena ,
Volume 19, Issue 4 (7-2025)
Abstract
Background: Nucleated red blood cells (nRBCs) are immature erythrocytes whose production is thought to be driven primarily by the interplay of hypoxia and erythropoietin synthesis. Neonatal sepsis is classified as early-onset (occurring within the first 24 hours of life) or late-onset (Occurring after 48-72 hours). The aim of this study was to analyze the cause for the presence of nRBCs in the peripheral blood of neonates sent for routine workup in the Hematology Laboratory of the Department of Pathology, SMSR, Sharda University.
Methods: Retrospective analysis of 27 complete blood counts and peripheral blood smears of neonates was conducted over one month. Smears had been prepared and stored for examination, and reports had been dispatched. Clinical details (As available from clinicians), parameters for neonatal sepsis (NLR, PLR, IG), platelet counts, and nRBC counts were recorded and tabulated. For result tabulation, neonatal samples were divided into two groups: 0-1 day and 2-30 days.
Results: The neonates included 17 males and 9 females. Assessment of NLR, PLR, and IG indicated higher values in the 2-30-day group compared to the 0-1-day group. Moreover, nRBCs were also elevated in the 2-30-day group.
Conclusion: The presence of nRBCs in peripheral blood smears is an important indicator of neonatal stress, including sepsis, jaundice, and hypoxic sepsis.
Yashica Gowda R, Suja Ajoy Kumar, Karthik Srevatsa,
Volume 19, Issue 4 (7-2025)
Abstract
Background: The significance of blood transfusion is best captured by the phrase, "It's not just blood-it's liquid life." However, without proper safety measures, transfusion carries serious risks, including the transmission of highly infectious diseases. Among these, hepatitis B virus infection poses a major public health threat due to its high infectivity, potential for chronic infection, and severe complications. Despite the availability of an effective vaccine, hepatitis B virus remains a persistent challenge in transfusion medicine, underscoring the need for stringent screening and preventive strategies. This study aimed to determine the trend of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seropositivity among the blood donor population over five years and its prevalence among voluntary and replacement donors.
Methods: This study was conducted at a licensed blood center of a tertiary care hospital. A retrospective review of blood donor data over five years was extracted. All donated blood was screened for the presence of HBsAg using commercially available ELISA kits. All repeatedly reactive samples were labelled seropositive. The data were analyzed for trends in the prevalence of HBsAg over the study period.
Results: A total of 18,139 healthy donors were screened during the study period. Among them, 11,517 were replacement donors and 6,622 were voluntary donors. The overall prevalence of HBsAg seropositivity was 0.66%, which was higher in replacement blood donors (0.46%). A decline in the incidence of HBsAg among donors was also observed over the five-year study duration.
Conclusion: Promoting and encouraging voluntary blood donation is a simple and effective way to reduce the prevalence of all transfusion-transmitted infections.
Seyed Sadegh Baniaghil , Fardin Balochi , Ereste Kazzak ,
Volume 19, Issue 4 (7-2025)
Abstract
Background: One of the major complications in thalassemia patients is alloimmunization, which occurs when the patient produces antibodies against transfused Red Blood Cells (RBCs). In the present study, the frequency of alloantibodies was investigated in patients with thalassemia major.
Methods: This cross-sectional retrospective study was performed on 99 multi-transfused patients with thalassemia major. An antibody screening test was carried out using a three-cell panel. Positive patients were followed up for antibody identification using an 11-cell panel. The information was finally analyzed using SPSS software version 16.0.
Results: Out of ninety-nine cases, 53 were female (53.53 %) and 46 were male (46.46 %). The patient’s mean age was 29.22±10.46 years with an age range of 2 to 61 years. Only 5.05% (n=5) had developed alloantibodies. The most common alloantibodies were anti-D, anti-E, anti-c, and anti-K. No significant correlation was seen between the presence of alloantibody and age, sex, blood type, and spleen condition.
Conclusion: Antibody production against RBC antigens is a common problem in multi-transfused thalassemia patients. Compatibility between antigens of the Kell and Rh blood group systems in donors and recipients can be one of the useful ways to prevent alloimmunization of blood recipients and the formation of unexpected antibodies against the donor’s red blood cells.
Bizhan Hooshmand Moghadam, Parisa Pournemati , Maryam Dalirani ,
Volume 19, Issue 5 (9-2025)
Abstract
Background: Regular physical activity plays a key role in improving metabolic health and physical fitness. The current study aimed to investigate and compare the impact of two training methods, forward and backward running, on changes in body composition, lipid profiles, cardiovascular function, and some physical fitness indices in young men.
Methods: Thirty eligible young men were selected and divided into two homogeneous groups: forward and backward running. Both groups performed interval running training four days per week for eight weeks (Two minutes of training at 60-85% of the maximum heart rate and one minute of active rest at 35-50% of the maximum heart rate). The interval training programs of both groups were identical, differing only in directions.
Results: There was a significant difference between the effects of two training methods on body fat percentages, waist-hip ratio, anaerobic power, agility, triglyceride and HDL-C (P < 0.05), while they showed no significant difference in terms of weight, body mass index, aerobic power, velocity, glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-C, heart rate (HR), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and Rate Pressure Product (RPP) (P > 0.05).
Conclusion: Results of the present study indicated that eight weeks of backward interval running improved some components of physical fitness, body composition and lipid profiles in young men compared with the forward interval running.
Yanglem Ajitkumar Singh, Kshetrimayum Roshita Devi , Sangeeta Naorem , Victoria Kshetrimayum, Sunie Laishram , Niketa Ashem ,
Volume 19, Issue 5 (9-2025)
Abstract
Background: Preeclampsia, a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, affects 10% of pregnancies, causing maternal and fetal complications. It is associated with complications such as elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels. LDH is an intracellular enzyme that increases in response to cellular death. Since preeclampsia leads to cellular death, serum LDH levels may reflect the severity of preeclampsia and serve as a guide in patient management. This study aims to estimate serum LDH levels in women with preeclampsia and those without, and compare the levels between the two groups.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry, in collaboration with the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at RIMS, Imphal, from February 2021 to September 2022. The study included 100 participants, 50 diagnosed with preeclampsia and 50 non-preeclamptic women attending RIMS hospital. Blood samples were collected from the patient, and serum LDH levels were estimated using a spectrophotometric method. All the data were analyzed using SPSS V21.0.
Results: The study revealed that serum LDH levels were significantly higher (P-value < 0.05) in women with preeclampsia (510.10 ± 184.26 IU) compared to pregnant women without preeclampsia (284.38 ± 97.35 IU). Serum LDH levels were positively correlated with an increase in blood pressure.
Conclusion: This study showed that serum LDH levels were higher in patients with preeclampsia compared to non-preeclamptic women, and LDH levels were positively correlated with higher blood pressure. Measuring serum LDH levels can help diagnose preeclampsia, allowing for better monitoring and timely management of affected women.
Faeze Shahriyari , Seyyede Fatemeh Shams , Mehrnaz Abdolalian , Narjes Soltani , Hashem Honari , Leila Rafaty Javanbakht, Mohammadreza Javan ,
Volume 19, Issue 5 (9-2025)
Abstract
Background: Blood transfusion services are responsible for providing blood products. Knowing the parameters that affect people’s decision to donate blood will help respond to this demand. This study was designed to assess the attitudes and barriers toward blood donation among volunteer donors in Mashhad (Northeast of Iran) during 2014-2015.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization centers in Mashhad. A total of 640 volunteer blood donors, including first-time and frequent donors, attended this study. The questionnaire was designed based on similar studies, and the reliability and validity were controlled. A questionnaire consisting of multiple-choice questions was provided to the participants. SPSS software was used for data analysis. The Student’s t-test was used, and P<0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Among the 640 participants, 80% completed and returned the questionnaire. Of the participants, 474 (92.5%) were male and 38 (7.4%) were female. A total of 114 donors were first-time donors, and the others had donated blood before. The most important motivations for blood donation included altruism: 249 (91.88%) among frequent donors and 76 (85.40%) among first-time donors. Other factors such as social influences also played a role. Lack of time (73.80%) was the most important barrier to blood donation among the first-time donors.
Conclusion: The results showed that the most important motive and barrier for blood donation were altruism and lack of time, respectively. In other words, paying attention to the motivations and barriers of blood donation can play an important role in attracting and retaining blood donors.
Shahnaz Halimi , Pegah Shakib , Elham Mehrabnejad , Faranak Rezaei , Somayeh Delfani ,
Volume 19, Issue 6 (11-2025)
Abstract
Background: The widespread increase in the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in bacteria is considered one of the biggest problems in the global health and treatment system today. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the prevalence and antibiotic resistance pattern of bacteria isolated from blood cultures at Shahid Rahimi Hospital in Khorramabad in 2018.
Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated blood cultures of patients admitted to Shahid Rahimi Hospital from June to December 2018. The disc diffusion method was used according to CLSI instructions, and the data were analyzed using SPSS software.
Results: Out of a total of 2591 blood culture samples, 247 blood culture samples were positive. The highest frequency was related to the emergency department (62%) and ICU (23%), and the lowest frequency was related to the children's department (2.4%). Among the tested samples, 28% were Gram-negative bacilli and 72% were Gram-positive cocci. The most common Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria were Escherichia coli (38%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (54.2%), respectively. Among Gram-negative bacteria, the highest level of resistance was seen in Acinetobacter baumannii strains, which showed resistance to all antibiotics. Among Gram-positive bacteria, the highest resistance of Streptococcus group D strains to the antibiotic erythromycin (92%) was reported.
Conclusion: The prevalence of antibiotic resistance in common microorganisms isolated from blood cultures in different departments is worrying, and choosing an effective drug to eliminate these bacteria by performing accurate laboratory tests is of particular importance.
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