Jorjani Biomedicine Journal

Background and Objective: Clinical studies have indicated, that exercise activity and supplementation may have different effects on heart function and health. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of weight training with whey protein supplementation on ANP, BNP, and Galactin-3 in 60-65 years old sedentary men.
Material and Methods: This study was based on a quasi-experimental design. The sample population was selected from volunteers out of the Kahrizak charity sanitarium of the Tehran province. Forthy men were randomly assigned to 4 groups (control, exercise, whey protein, and exercise + whey protein). Whey protein and exercise + whey protein groups were asked to consume whey protein. Training protocol lasted for 6 weeks. Blood levels of ANP, BNP, and Galactin-3, before and after the study were measured. Normality and variance heterogeneity was assessed using Shapiro-Wilk and Levene's tests respectively. The significance of differences between training and supplementation groups was assessed by ANOVA and LSD hock post-test.
Results: The results showed that weight training program and in combination with whey protein supplementation significantly reduced Atrial natriuretic peptide (P=0.001), Brain natriuretic peptide (P=0.001), and Galactin-3 (P=0.001), compared to the control group (P<0.01).
Conclusion: The reduction of cardiac injury indices and structural and physiological recovery and the increase of cardiac function have been affected by the synergy of his training and protein.

Background and Objective: Autophagy is a genetically and evolutionarily conserved the programmed process that destroys long-lived cellular proteins and organelles. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of eight weeks of strength training with alpha-lipoic acid supplementation on LC3-I and P62 in elderly diabetic rats.
Material and Methods: In this experimental study, 35 old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (healthy control, diabetic, diabetic + strength training, Diabetic + supplement, Diabetic + strength training + supplement). First, the rats became diabetic and had a fatty liver. Strength training program in 10 weeks performed. Alfa-lipoic acid supplement was also injected 3 days a week. At the end of the training period and tissues were removed and the expression of LC3-I and P62 were measured by RT-PCR. For data analysis, a one-way analysis variance test was used for comparison between groups was considered (P<0/05).
Results: The result showed mRNA LC3-1 has increased and this change is more in the diabetic group. (P=0.001) and  despite the decrease in P62 gene expression, we did not see a significant difference between the control group and the diabetic in the training group with and without supplementation.However, no significant difference was observed between training methods and supplementation with exercise. Also, resistance training in combination with alpha-lipoic acid supplementation had a significant effect on reducing P62 content between control and experimental groups. (P=0.001).
Conclusion: Alfa-lipoic acid supplement with anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effect along with exercise can play an important role in improving fatty liver in elderly type 2 diabetic rats.

Background and Objective: Alzheimer's disease is a common cause of dementia and reduces progressive perception, memory, and tasks.  This study aimed was to investigate the effects of interval training and octopamine extract on NLRP-1 and NLRP-3 in brain tissue of rats with Alzheimer's disease.
Material and Methods: The research method was experimental with a post-test design. A total of 42 male Wistar rats, all of which were eight weeks old, were obtained. Rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (healthy control, Alzheimer's sham, Alzheimer's+ interval training, Alzheimer's+ octopamine supplementation, Alzheimer's+ interval training+ octopamine supplementation). Alzheimer's induction was performed with beta-amyloid peptide 1-14. The training protocol was intense periodic. Octopamine was supplemented by intra-peritoneal injection. Morris's blue maze test was used for the spatial memory test. Seventy-two hours after the last training session, anesthetized rats and hippocampus were quickly extracted. A one-way ANOVA test was used to estimate intergroup differences after Alzheimer's induction.
Results: The results of one-way ANOVA showed a significant difference between the groups in NLRP-1 and NLRP-3 mRNA. Bonferroni test confirmed significant between the control group and Alzheimer's groups (P≤0.05).
Conclusion: The changes were considered to be synergistic of the beneficial effects of physical activity and octopamine in preventing or reducing the harmful effects of pathological conditions. Exercise and supplementation seem to be effective in the relationship between inflammatory and neurotrophic factors in neurological disorders.

Background: Alzheimer's is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory loss and cognitive dysfunction. Research has shown that blood metal levels and physical activity may be key to injury and possibly Alzheimer's treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of high intensity interval training (HIIT) and Folate Nano-liposome on the expression of D1 and D2 receptors in the hippocampal tissue of Alzheimer's rats.
Methods: Thirty-three male Wistar rats at the age of eight weeks were prepared from Pasteur Institute. Rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (healthy control, Alzheimer's control, Alzheimer+ HIIT, Alzheimer +Folate Nano liposomes, Alzheimer+ HIIT +Folate Nano liposomes).Alzheimer's induction was performed and Folate Nano-liposomes were injected as a supplement .After the last training session, rats were anesthetized and the hippocampus was analyzed.
Results: The results of one-way ANOVA showed a significant increase between the groups in D1 mRNA and D2 mRNA (P≤0.000). The results of the Bonferroni post hoc test showed that there was a significant increase the control group and the Alzheimer's, Alzheimer's + HIIT and Alzheimer's +folate Nano liposomes. There was a significant increase between Alzheimer's group and Alzheimer's+ HIIT and Alzheimer's+ HIIT+ folate Nano-liposomes (P≤0.05).
Conclusion: Resistance training and Folate Nano-liposomes have changed the content of D1 and D2 in the brain after Alzheimer's induction. These changes may be due in part to the synergistic effect of physical activity and Nano-pharmaceuticals in preventing or reducing the detrimental effects of pathological conditions.

Background: Recently, the role of sports training and medicinal plants in the expression of genes has been considered to prevent the progression of diseases. The purpose of this research was to investigate the role of weight training and oleander extract on interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) and cathepsin S (CTSS) gene expression in the soleus muscle of Alzheimer's disease (AD) model mice.
Methods: Fifty-five male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: healthy control group, AD control group, AD resistance training group, AD group with the supplement of Melilotus officinalis, and AD resistance training group + Melilotus officinalis supplement. Trimethyltin-induced AD was induced. In the resistance training protocol, a weight was attached to the tail of the rats, and they had to lift this weight on a ladder with 26 steps. Melilotus officinalis was injected intraperitoneally as a supplement for 6 weeks with a dose of 300 mmol/kg. Seventy-two hours after the last training session, the rats were anesthetized, and the hippocampal tissue was immediately extracted, frozen, and analyzed. A two-way analysis of variance was used to estimate the differences between groups in control and experimental AD mice.
Results: There was a significant increase in the expression level of interferon-regulating factor 8 and cathepsin S genes in the AD group compared to the control group. The results of Bonferroni's post-hoc test showed that in the AD group + resistance training + Melilotus officinalis, a significant decrease was observed compared to the AD group (P≤0.05).
Conclusion: Resistance training and the Melilotus officinalis extract with antioxidant mechanisms can affect CTSS and IRF8 gene expression.