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Showing 5 results for Moghadam

Pedram Torabian, Dr Vahid Erfani-Moghadam,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (5-2016)
Abstract

For decades, researchers have tried to develop non-invasive mechanisms for monitoring pathological conditions within the body of patients. Emerging nanotechnology enabled us to reach this aim. Scale of nano has the potential to increase early detection of pathological conditions among abnormal cells before diseased tissue or tumor development can be considerable which is helpful in disease treatment. In recent years, “Theranostics” has been emerged as a novel nano approach which performs diagnostic detection, therapy and follows up simultaneously. Therefore, Theranostics can be considered as an appropriate therapeutic approach for personalized medicine, pharmacogenomics and molecular imaging which can open a gate to develop novel therapies. Additionally, with a deeper molecular understanding, choosing drugs that are more effective will be possible. Finally, researchers believe that Theranostics has the potential to monitor treatments by increasing drug effectiveness and preventing inappropriate treatments and consequently reducing the cost of national health burden. In this review, structure and some applications of Theranostics and nano drug delivery systems have been discussed briefly.


Abolfazl Moghadam, Dr Shahram Nazarian,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (10-2017)
Abstract

Background & Objective: Gastroenteritis is one of the most common Salmonella infections in human which is caused by Salmonella serotypes especially S.enteritidis and S.typhimurium. The spread of multi-drug resistant (MDR) Salmonella strains is a serious global issue. Obtaining integrons is considered as one of the most important factors in multi-drug resistance among gram-negative microorganisms, particularly in intestinal bacteria. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular level of class 1, 2 and 3 integrons which are the most important integrons in Salmonella enteritidis isolated from patients using Multiplex PCR.
Methods: In this study, 567 stool and blood samples were collected from patients with acute gastroenteritis and Salmonella enteritidis were detected using culture method, standard biochemical test, and PCR. After DNA extraction, the presence of class 1, 2, and 3 of integrons was analyzed by multiplex PCR.
Results: From 567 samples, 48 strains were identified as Salmonella enteritidis. Of all 48 strains, 45 strains (95%) had the intI gene, 7 strains (14.5%) had the intII gene, and 2 strains (4%) had the intIII gene.
Conclusion: In this study, high incidence of class 1, 2 and 3 integrons was detected. Screening integrons as a sign of obtaining and expansion of antibiotic resistance could be considered as an important mechanism to deal with antibiotic resistance in microorganisms.

Khatereh Kheirollahi, Seyyed Hossein Hekmati Moghadam, Gooya Kabir, Zhaleh Zare Mehrjardi,
Volume 7, Issue 2 (7-2019)
Abstract

Background and objectives: patients undergoing Chemotherapy are severely susceptible to infections due to a compromised immune system and also their oral cavity is a great place for microorganisms and fungi to grow. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of different strains of Candida from oral lesions of these patients.
Methods and Materials: This descriptive study was performed on 128 patients undergoing chemotherapy in teaching hospitals of Yazd, which was three weeks pass receiving their first medicine. Oral samples were prepared from swabs and then cultured in Sabouraud dextrose agar culture media for evaluation of yeast growth, colonization, and identification of species. Samples were examined under the microscope and recorded. Finally, the data were analyzed by SPSS17 software, Chi-square, and Man-Whitney tests.
Results:128 patients participated in this study, which included 45 males (35.15%) and 83 females (64.85%) with an average age of 40.16 ± 19.95 years. 84 patients (62.65%) had candida in their oral cavity, of which 79 were candida albicans and 5 were Non-albicans Candida. No significant correlation was found between the type of candidates, type of cancer and the frequency of Candida albicans with the age and sex of the patients (P-value <0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the prevalence of Candida albicans in patients undergoing chemotherapy is higher than Non-albicans Candida. Patients with leukemia are more susceptible to Candida infections.
Hamideh Gharnas-Ghamesh, Mojtaba Masoumi, Vahid Erfani-Moghadam,
Volume 9, Issue 3 (10-2021)
Abstract

Background and Objective: Cancer is one of the most serious diseases. Doxorubicin is a type of chemotherapy drug used to treat a variety of cancers. Doxorubicin is a type of chemotherapy drug used to treat a variety of cancers. However, its side effects have limited its use. The aim of this study was to synthesize and evaluate polymer micelles containing doxorubicin and evaluate its toxicity on MCF7 breast cancer cells and HepG2 liver cancer cells.
Material and Methods: For this purpose, PBMA-b-POEGMA diblock copolymer was first synthesized using the RAFT method and confirmed by GPC. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and Transmission electron microscope (TEM) were used to observe the morphology, size, and polydispersity of the micelles. In addition, in vitro cytotoxicity of DOX-loaded polymeric micelles against MCF7 cells and HepG2 cells were assessed. Furthermore, cell uptake and apoptosis assay of DOX-loaded polymeric micelles against MCF7 cells were evaluated.
Results: The TEM image revealed that the nanoparticles were spherical and uniform. The particle size and polydispersity measured by DLS were 35 nm and 0.13, respectively. The drug encapsulation efficiency and drug loading contents were 50±3.46 % and 4.53±0.29 %, respectively. The drug release rate was reported 69% in saline phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) within 24 hours. The results showed that micelles containing doxorubicin had a greater effect on MCF7 cell viability than the free drug. The MTT assay demonstrated that micelles were biocompatible to HepG2 cells while DOX-loaded micelles showed significant cytotoxicity. The IC50 of doxorubicin-loaded micelles against MCF7 cells were obtained to be 0.5 μg/ml. It was further shown that micelles containing doxorubicin had higher cell uptake and apoptosis than free drugs on MCF7 cells.
Conclusion: These polymeric micelles are an ideal candidate to deliver anticancer agents into breast cancer cells.

Arezoo Monfared, Mohammad Taghi Moghadamnia, Samad Karkhah, Saman Maroufizadeh, Mohammad Asadian Rad, Jalal Kheirkhah, Fatemeh Jafaraghayee,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (12-2021)
Abstract

Background and Objective: In the current COVID-19 pandemic, disease diagnosis is essential for optimal management and timely isolation of infected cases in order to prevent further spread. The aim of this study is to assess of predictors of mortality among COVID-19 patients.
Material and Methods: In a retrospective study, 522 COVID-19 patients were enrolled in Razi hospital, Guilan Province, Iran. This hospital was the main center for the treatment of COVID-19 patients in Guilan province. Data gathering was performed by census sampling from March to August 2020. Simple and Multiple logistic regression analysis was applied to assess the relationships of clinical and demographic characteristics with in-hospital mortality.
Results: Multiple logistic regression showed that older age (aOR=1.04, 95%CI: 1.02 to 1.06, P<0.001), decreased O2 saturation (aOR=0.89, 95%CI: 0.86 to 0.92, P<0.001), having a dysrhythmia (aOR=2.97, 95%CI: 1.46 to 6.05, P=0.003), symptoms associated with heart failure (aOR=0.43, 95%CI: 0.18 to 0.99, P=0.048), and mixed drug antiviruses (aOR=2.44, 95%CI: 1.22 to 4.90, P=0.012) were mortality predictor variables among COVID-19 patients.
Conclusion: Therefore, special attention should be paid to the factors influencing the mortality of COVID-19 patients. It is recommended that older patients, dysrhythmia, and symptoms associated with heart failure be treated with extreme caution.


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