Volume 15, Issue 2 (Mar-Apr 2021)                   mljgoums 2021, 15(2): 42-47 | Back to browse issues page


XML Print


Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:

Dadban Shahamat M, askari A, Arab Koohsar R. Effects of Four Weeks of High-Intensity Intermittent Training and Continuous Walking on Atherogenic Indices of Obese Middle-Aged Men. mljgoums 2021; 15 (2) :42-47
URL: http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/article-1-1278-en.html
1- Department of Physical Education, Azadshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Azadshahr, Iran , m_dadban@yahoo.com
2- Department of Physical Education, Grogan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran
3- Department of Physical Education, Azadshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Azadshahr, Iran
Abstract:   (1957 Views)

Background and objectives: Elevated blood lipids and physical inactivity are known risk factors of atherosclerosis. The objective of this study was to compare effects of four weeks of high-intensity intermittent training (HIIT) and continuous walking on atherogenic indices of obese middle-aged men.
Methods: Study population consisted of 36 male teachers aged 35-50 years, with mean body mass index (BMI) of 30.7 ± 3.5 kg/m2 who were working in the city of Galikesh, northeastern Iran. The subjects were enrolled via purposeful sampling and were randomly divided into two experimental groups and a control group. Before and after the intervention, anthropometric characteristics (height, weight and BMI) and blood pressure of each subject were measured. Fasting blood samples were taken from the left brachial vein 12 hours before the first exercise session and 12 hours after the last exercise session to determine lipid profile. Data were analyzed using SPSS 18 at significance level of 0.05.
Results: The four-week walking exercise significantly decreased serum levels of low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) (P=0.001) and triglyceride (P=0.001). In addition, the HIIT program significantly increased high-density lipoprotein level (HDL-C) (P=0.004) and significantly reduced LDL-C (P=0.049), LDL/HDL (P=0.002), triglyceride (p=0.01), BMI (P=0.027) and blood pressure (P=0.002). In addition, the results of ANOVA and (Scheffe test) showed a significant increase in HDL-C (P=0.042) values and a significant decrease in VLDL-C (P=0.032), LDL/HDL (P=0.041), triglyceride (P=0.024), BMI (P=0.048) and blood pressure (P=0.016) of HIIT group compared to the control group.
Conclusion: Our findings indicated that HIIT has beneficial effects on some risk factors of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease.

Full-Text [PDF 676 kb]   (514 Downloads) |   |   Full-Text (HTML)  (864 Views)  
Research Article: Original Paper | Subject: Sport Physiology
Received: 2020/01/11 | Accepted: 2020/05/31 | Published: 2021/02/28 | ePublished: 2021/02/28

References
1. Ikekpea Zu Ej, Oranwa cj, ogbu SI, onyekelu Ck, et al. Lipid profile of people Engaged in Regular Exercise: Department of medical laboratory science, Nigeria. Ann Med Health Sci Res. 2017;7: 36-39. [Google Scholar]
2. Moazami M, Askari A. effect of six- month aerobic exercise on Lipid profile, inflammatory Markers and Risk factors of cardiovascular Disease in obese women. medical laboratory journal. 2018; 12(2): 32-37. [View at Publisher] [DOI:10.29252/mlj.12.2.32] [Google Scholar]
3. Askari A, Askari B, Fallah Z, Kazemi SH. Effect of eight weeks aerobic training on serum lipid and lipoprotein levels in women. Journal of Gorgan University of Medical Sciences. 2012; 14(1): 26-32. [View at Publisher] [Google Scholar]
4. Pedersen LR, Olsen RH, Anholm C, Walzem RL,Fenger M, Eugen-Olsen J, et al. Weight loss issuperior to exercise in improving the atherogeniclipid profile in a sedentary, overweight populationwith stable coronary artery disease: A randomizedtrial. Atherosclerosis. 2016; 246 (31): 221-228. [DOI:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.01.001] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
5. Fan H, Li X, Zheng L, Chen X, lan Q, Wu H, et al. Abdominal obesity is strongly associated with Cardiovascular Disease and its Risk Factors in Elderly and very Elderly Community-dwelling Chinese. Sci Rep. 2016; 6: 21521. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
6. Reljic D, Frenk F, Herrmann HJ, Neurath MF, Zopf Y. Effects of very low volume high intensity versus moderate intensity interval training in obese metabolic syndrome patients: a randomized controlled study. Sci Rep. 2021 Feb 2;11(1):2836. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
7. Sari CI, Eikelis N, Head GA, Schlaich M, Meikle P, Lambert G, Lambert E. Android Fat Deposition and Its Association With Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Overweight Young Males. Front Physiol. 2019; 10: 1162. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
8. Kostrzewa-Nowak D, Nowak R, Jastrzębski Z, Zarębska A, Bichowska M, Drobnik-Kozakiewicz I, et al. Effect of 12-week-long aerobic training programme on body composition, aerobic capacity, complete blood count and blood lipid profile among young women. Biochem Med (Zagreb). 2015; 25(1): 103-13. [DOI:10.11613/BM.2015.013] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
9. Gharipour M, Sadeghi M, Dianatkhah M, Nezafati P, Talaie M, Oveisgharan S, et al. Comparison between European and Itanian cutoff points of triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations in prediction cardiovascular disease outcomes. J Clin Lipidol, 2016; 10(1): 143-149. [DOI:10.1016/j.jacl.2015.10.008] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
10. Monteiro PA, Chen KY, Lira FS, Cicotti Saraiva1 BT, Antunes BMM, Campos EZ, et al. Concurrent and aerobic exercise training promote similar benefits in body composition and metabolic profiles in obese adolescents. Lipids in Health and Disease. 2015, 14: 153. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
11. Lima LG, Bonardi JTM, Campos GO, Bertani RF, Scher LML, Moriguti JC, Ferriolli E, Lima NKC. Combined aerobic and resistance training: are there additional benefits for older hypertensive adults? Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2017; 72(6): 363-369. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
12. Hojjati Z, Shahsavari S.AcuteEffects of Aerobic and combind Exercise on serum lipid profile in type11 Females: Department of Physical Education, Rasht Browch, I Ran. Iranian journal of Health Sciences, 2015; 3(2): 31-37. [View at Publisher] [Google Scholar]
13. Lira FS, Yamashita AS, Uchida MC, Zanchi NE, Gualano B, Martins E Jr, et al. Low and moderate, rather than high intensity strength exercise induces benefit regarding plasma lipid profile. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2010; 2: 31. [DOI:10.1186/1758-5996-2-31] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
14. Chatterjee C, Sparks DL. Hepatic lipase, high density lipoproteins, and hyper triglyceridemia. Am J Pathol. 2011; 178: 1429-1433. [DOI:10.1016/j.ajpath.2010.12.050] [Google Scholar]
15. Lira FS, Carnevali LC Jr, Zanchi NE, Santos RV, Lavoie JM, Seelaender M. Exercise intensity modulation of hepatic lipid metabolism. J Nutr Metab. 2012;2012:809576. [DOI:10.1155/2012/809576] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
16. Stephen H, Boutcher SH. High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise and Fat Loss. J Obes. 2011; 2011: 868305. [DOI:10.1155/2011/868305] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
17. Gibala MJ, Little JP, Macdonald MJ, Hawley JA. Physiological adaptations to low-volume, high-intensity interval training in health and disease. J Physiol. 2012; 590(5): 1077-84. [DOI:10.1113/jphysiol.2011.224725] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
18. Dun Y, Thomas RJ, Smith JR, Medina‑Inojosa JR, Squires RW, Bonikowske AR, et al. High‑intensity interval training improves metabolic syndrome and body composition in outpatient cardiac rehabilitation patients with myocardial infarction. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2019; 18: 104. [Google Scholar]
19. Oram JF. HDL apolipoproteins and ABCA1: partners in the removal of excess cellular cholesterol. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2003; 23(5): 720-7. [DOI:10.1161/01.ATV.0000054662.44688.9A] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
20. Lamina S, Okoye GC. Therapeutic effect of a moderate intensity interval training program on the lipid profile in men with hypertension: a randomized controlled trial. Niger J Clin Pract. 2012; 15(1): 42-7. [View at Publisher] [DOI:10.4103/1119-3077.94096] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
21. Koozehchian MS, Nazem F, Kreider RB, Roberts WJ, Best TM, Rong Y, et al. The role of exercise training on lipoprotein profiles in adolescent males. Lipids Health Dis. 2014 Jun 9;13(1):95. [DOI:10.1186/1476-511X-13-95] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
22. Paoli A, Pacelli QF, Moro T, Marcolin G, Neri M, Battaglia G, et al. Effects of high-intensity circuit training, low-intensity circuit training and endurance training on blood pressure and lipoproteins in middle-aged overweight men. Lipids Health Dis. 2013; 12: 131. [DOI:10.1186/1476-511X-12-131] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
23. Ding D, Li X, Qiu J, Li R, Zhang Y, Su D, et al. Serum Lipids, Apolipoproteins, and Mortality among Coronary Artery Disease Patients. Biomed Res Int Epub. 2014; 29: 709. [DOI:10.1155/2014/709756] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
24. Plowman SA, and Smith DL. Exercise physiology for health, fitness, and performance: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins" 2008.
25. Tsekouras YE, Magkos F, Kellas Y, Basioukas KN, Kavouras SA, Sidossis LS. High-intensity interval aerobic training reduces hepatic very low-density lipoprotein-triglyceride secretion rate in men. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2008; 295(4): E851-8. [DOI:10.1152/ajpendo.90545.2008] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
26. Behzare A, Gaeini A, Mogharnasi M, Taherzadeh J, Seyedahmadi M, Keavanlou F, et al . Comparison of intermittence and continuative exercise methods on hs-CRP and Lipids as predictors of coronary heart disease . JNKUMS. 2012; 3 (4) :35-42 [View at Publisher] [DOI:10.29252/jnkums.3.4.35]
27. Zois CE, Tokmakidis SP, Volaklis KA, Kotsa K, Touvra AM, Douda E, et al. Lipoprotein profile, glycemic control and physical fitness after strength and aerobic training in post-menopausal women with type 2 diabetes. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2009; 106 (6): 901-7. [DOI:10.1007/s00421-009-1104-8] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
28. Zolfaghary M , Taghian F, Hedayati M. Comparing the effect of green tea extract consumption, aerobic exercise and combination of these two methods on CRP Level in obese women. Razi Journal of Medical Sciences. 2013; 20(110): 8-12. [View at Publisher] [Google Scholar]
29. Gibala M J. Molecular responses to high-intensity interval exercise. Applied Physiology,Nutrition, and Metabolism. 2009; 34 (3): 428-432. [View at Publisher] [DOI:10.1139/H09-046] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
30. Little JP, Safdar A, Bishop D, Tarnopolsky MA, Gibala MJ. An acute bout of high-intensity interval training increases the nuclear abundance of PGC-1α and activates mitochondrial biogenesis in human skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2011; 300(6): R1303-10. [View at Publisher] [DOI:10.1152/ajpregu.00538.2010] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
31. Kang C, O'Moore KM, Dickman JR, Ji LL. Exercise activation of muscle peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1alpha signaling is redox sensitive. Free Radic Biol Med. 2009;47(10):1394-400. [DOI:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2009.08.007] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
32. Yasari S, Prud'homme D, Wang D, Jankowski M, Levy E, Gutkowska J, et al. Exercise training decreases hepatic SCD-1 gene expression and protein content in rats. Mol Cell Biochem. 2010; 335(1-2): 291-9. [DOI:10.1007/s11010-009-0279-y] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
33. Rector RS, Thyfault JP, Morris RT, Laye MJ, Borengasser SJ, Booth FW, et al. Daily exercise increases hepatic fatty acid oxidation and prevents steatosis in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty rats. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2008; 294(3): G619-26. [DOI:10.1152/ajpgi.00428.2007] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
34. Rector RS, Thyfault JP, Laye MJ, Morris RT, Borengasser SJ, Uptergrove GM, et al. Cessation of daily exercise dramatically alters precursors of hepatic steatosis in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats. J Physiol. 2008; 586(17): 4241-9. [DOI:10.1113/jphysiol.2008.156745] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Add your comments about this article : Your username or Email:
CAPTCHA

Send email to the article author


Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

© 2007 All Rights Reserved | Medical Laboratory Journal

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.